AP Lang Rhetorical terms quiz

Ad Hominem

An argument based on the failings of an adversary rather than on the merits of the case; a logical fallacy that involves a personal attack

Allusion

A brief, usually indirect reference to a person, place, or event--real or fictional("it's like the Titanic all over again")

Anaphora

The repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or verses

Antithesis

The juxtaposition of contrasting ideas in balanced phrases

Appeal to Authority

A fallacy in which a speaker or writer seeks to persuade not by giving evidence but by appealing to the respect people have for a famous person or institution. Argument-a course of reasoning aimed at demonstrating truth or falsehood

Colloquial

Characteristic of writing that seeks the effect of informal spoken language as distinct from formal or literary English

Concession

An argumentative strategy by which a speaker or writer acknowledges the validity of an opponent's point

Connotation

The emotional implications and associations a word may carry

Deduction

A method of reasoning in which a conclusion follows necessarily from the stated premises

Diction

The choice and use of words in speech or writing or a way of speaking, usually assessed in terms of prevailing standards of pronunciation and elocution

Epiphora/Epistrophe

The repetition of a word or phrase at the end of several clauses

Extended Metaphor

A comparison between two unlike things that continues throughout a series of sentences in a paragraph or lines in a poem

Fallacy

An error in reasoning that renders an argument invalid

False Dilemma

A fallacy of oversimplification that offers a limited number of options(usually two) when in fact more options are available

Figurative Language

Language in which figures of speech(such as metaphors, simile, and hyperbole) freely occur

Hasty Generalization

A fallacy in which a conclusion is not logically justified by sufficient or unbiased evidence

Hyperbole

A figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis of effect; an extravagant statement

Imagery

Vivid descriptive language that appeals to one or more of the senses

Induction

A method of reasoning by which a rhetor collects a number of instances and forms a generalization that is meant to apply to all instances

Irony

The use of words to convey the opposite idea of their literal meaning. A statement or situation where the meaning is directly contradicted by the appearance or presentation of the idea

Juxtaposition

Placing dissimilar items, descriptions, or ideas close together or side-by-side, especially for comparison or contrast

Narrative

A rhetorical strategy that recounts a sequence of events, usually in chronological order

Oxymoron

A figure of speech in which incongruous or contradictory terms appear side by side

Parallelism

The similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses(he came, he saw, he conquered)

Point of view

The perspective from which a speaker or writer tells a story or presents information

Refutation

The part of the writing wherein a speaker or writer anticipates and counters opposing points of view

Repetition

An instance of using a word, phrase, or clause more than once in a short passage--dwelling on a point

Rhetorical Question

A question asked merely for effect with no answer expected

Style

Narrowly interpreted as those figures that ornament speech or writing; broadly, as representing a manifestation of the person speaking or writing

Symbol

A person, place, action, or thing that(by association, resemblance, or convention) represents something other than itself