The Impact of The Hundred Years War

Flashcards reviewing the effects of the Hundred Years' War on France and England, including military, economic, and national identity changes.

What was the impact on areas of France, such as Normandy, during the Hundred Years' War?

Devastation, seizure of crops and animals by armies, and potential burning of buildings by retreating armies.

What was a common cause of death for English soldiers during the Hundred Years' War, besides battle?

Dysentery

How did the Hundred Years' War change the way battles were fought?

It led to the decline of the dominance of knights on horseback due to the effectiveness of archers and missile fire. Ordinary foot soldiers became more important.

What new military technologies saw increased use during the Hundred Years' War?

Gunpowder, cannons, and handguns

What impact did the use of gunpowder have on castles?

Castles became of little use in battles and began a long decline.

What impact did the high cost of weapons, food, armor and horses have on both the French and English?

Both countries had to pay higher taxes, more frequently, to pay for the war.

What happened to wealthy french regions like Normandy and Aquitaine?

By the end of the war, England had lost wealthy French regions like Normandy and Aquitaine, so could no longer make money from these areas.

How did the Hundred Years' War contribute to French unity?

Many powerful French nobles were killed during the war, leading to a more powerful king and stronger nationalistic feelings among the French people.

How did the Hundred Years' War affect the French tax system?

The high cost of paying for the war led the French to set up a better system of taxing the whole country, which was so successful that they were able to pay for the first full-time army in Europe.

How did the Hundred Years' War contribute to the birth of English identity?

England stopped using French as its official court language and England began to see itself as 'apart' from Europe, rather than a part of it.

What was the impact of battles such as Crecy and Agincourt on the English?

These battles gave the English a sense of pride and a unique identity and they developed a common language and homeland.

How did England's outlook and aims change after the Hundred Years' War?

It was now a country looking to conquer lands outside Europe, a country that would soon look to develop an empire in newly found lands.