UNIT 2 Pt.2: Colonial America

Flashcards based on lecture notes about Colonial America.

What was the New England Confederation?

A military alliance formed by 4 New England colonies; the first example of colony unification.

What was the main outcome of Metacom's War?

Most Native American resistance ended in New England.

What was the Pueblo Revolt?

A successful revolt by Pueblo tribes against Spanish rule and religious conversion.

What factors led to the increased reliance on African slaves?

Natives escaped too easily and the supply of indentured servants was too small.

What was the Headright System?

A system in Virginia that offered 50 acres of land to immigrants who paid for their passage.

What are some forms of resistance used by slaves?

Blending Christianity to create syncretic religions, running away and strikes.

What were the main reasons for drastic population increase in the colonies from 1701 to 1775?

Increased immigration and birthrate

Where did most Europeans settle and why?

Middle & South- N. England had too little land & Puritan domination.

Who were the main European groups that immigrated to the colonies?

English, Sotch-Irish, Germans, Huguenots, Dutch, and Swedes.

Which colonies were the most tolerant?

Middle Colonies

What characterized the Southern Colonies' social stratification?

Plantation owners, Small Farm owners, Landless -> Indentured servants -> Slaves

What characterized the Northern Colonies' social stratification?

Merchants -> Specialists/Artisians -> small felm owners -> Landless

What rights and roles did men have in Colonial society?

Property owning men could vote and had unlimited home power.

What rights and roles did women have in Colonial society?

More rights in the South than in the North, inherit property

What was the economy of the New England colonies like?

Rocky soil, subsistence farming, fishing & shipbuilding.

What was the economy of the Middle colonies like?

Larger farms, breadbasket colonies.

What was the economy of the Southern colonies like?

Large plantations, tobacco, timber, indigo and heavy reliance on slave labor.

What characterized religion in New England?

Puritans and Protestants.

Which religious group settled in Pennsylvania?

Quakers

Which intense religious movement moved through colonies in the 1730's-40's?

Great Awakening

Who was Jonathan Edwards?

A notable leader of the Great Awakening who preached with emotion and emphasized personal faith.

What are the effects of the Great Awakening?

Several new schisms/sects formed, Secularism, plus 1st signs of abolitionism & it Democratized religion!

Who was George Whitefield?

He spread the Great Awakening throughout the colonies, gaining tons of followers.

In what colony was education most valued?

N. England

What happened with John Peter Zenger's trial?

Zenger acquitted - encouraged freedom of press/critism of government.

Who was John Peter Zenger's lawyer?

Andrew Hamilton

What was the key difference between the colonists and Britain?

Colonists wanted to move west, while Britain desired peace on the frontier.