literary elements and techniques

tone

The author’s attitude toward the subject

Metaphor (Technique )

A direct comparison between two unlike things or A figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things w/o the use of such specific words of comparison as like, as, them, or resembles.

Theme

The insight about human life that is revealed in a literary work or a universal idea or message explored in a literary work.

Symbol

A person, place, thing, or event that has meaning in itself and that also stands for something more than itself

Simile

A comparison between two unlike things using “like” and “as”

Symbolism

When an object, person, or event represents a larger idea

Imagery

Irony

A contrast between expectation and reality (verbal, situational, dramatic)

Diction

Writer or speaker’s word choice

Allusion

Reference to someone or something that is known from history, literature, religion, politics, sports, science, or another branch of culture. An indirect reference to something( usually from literature)

Foreshadowing

Hints or clues about future events

Personification

Giving human qualities to non-human things

Hyperbole

Exaggeration for effect

Juxtaposition

Placing two elements side by side for contrast

Paradox

A seemingly contradictory(opposite) statement that reveals a truth

Motif

A recurring image, idea, or symbol that supports a theme

Mood

Atmosphere or emotional effect on readers

Setting

Time and place of the story

Consider time in history/ of year/ of day, location