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| Zoroastrianism | Legalism | |
|---|---|---|
| General time/place of founding | 6th century BCE: in Persia, today's Iran | 221 BC Qin |
| Deity(s) | Ahura Mazda | N/A |
| Founder/Leaders (if known) | Zoroaster | Shi Huang DI |
| Key Texts | No one, main text | Just the laws of the dynasty |
| Basic Beliefs & Practices | The belief of just one god who has made the earth perfectly. People on earth have to follow a moral code so that when they die, they can go to a heavnly afterlife. Sets the standard for other monotheistic religions. | The laws of the land should be the sole guidepost for how people live their lives. If the govt. Or Emperor decrees it, it shall be done |
| Expansion/Influence*(Where did it spread geographically by the end of 600 C.E.?)* | Became the official religion of the Persian empire. So from India to the Mediterranean | The first modern dynasty, the Qin adopted his under their rule, and he and his Dynasty only lasted 15 years, so it kind of died out as its own thing. |
| Political & Social Role How was this religion/belief system utilized to assert political authority and/or reinforce social hierarchies? | In the Persian empire yes. after that. it loses its influence | Parts of it were a basis for Confucianism, but other than that, it is not significant |
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| Confucianism | Daoism | |
|---|---|---|
| General time/place of founding | China: Han dynasty Around 400BCE | china 5th century BCE |
| Deity(s) | no Gods | Spirits living within areas of nature |
| Founder/Leaders (if known) | Confucius | Lao Zi |
| Key Texts | The analects | Tao te Ching |
| Basic Beliefs & Practices | About human relationships and achieving social order and harmony. About creating social mobility and a successful society through education. Filial piety is also important. Honoring your past family through your actions | that man is just a small cog in the ultimate make up of the world that is nature. Unhooking yourself from society and living a simple life in nature is a way to make yourself one with nature |
| Expansion/Influence*(Where did it spread by the end of 1200 C.E.?)* | As the law of the state. only in China. But many of its principles were followed in Korea, Vietnam, and Japan | In the rest of the civilizations of East Asia. Korea, Japan, and Vietnam's |
| Political & Social Role How was this religion/belief system utilized to assert political authority and/or reinforce social hierarchies? | What is Neoconfucianism? When the philosophy was promoted as a religion to try to minimize Daoism and Buddhism. Early years 100ce \n \n Role of theCivil Service Exam: \n \n Role of thefive relationships: \n | More of a social role than political. Considered a counterbalance to Confucianism |
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| Hinduism | Buddhism | |
|---|---|---|
| General time/place of founding | Around 1500 BCE in India | Around 400 BCE in Northern India |
| Deity(s) | Many gods and goddesses. Many recognize the main 3 as Brahma, Vishnu, and shiva | No gods, eventually, spiritual guides inserted (bodhisattvas) |
| Founder/Leaders (if known) | N/A | Prince Siddhartha (the buddha) |
| Key Texts | The Vedas and Upanishads | no specific sacred texts |
| Basic Beliefs & Practices | very individually practiced. Everyone has a specific role in their life (dharma) that needs to be fulfilled to achieve good karma. People are reincarnated to a series of lives till they reach Brahma | To end suffering by providing a path to enlightenment (Nirvana) by following the eighth path to virtue |
| Expansion/Influence (Where did it spread by the end of 1200 C.E.?) | It will spread into SE Asia | Ut spread all over SE Asia, China, Korea, and Japan. moved all along the Silk road |
| Political & Social Role How was this religion/belief system utilized to assert political authority and/or reinforce social hierarchies? | \n the Role of the caste system in South Asian society: It made for a very strict, complex class system, where everyone was set in their roles. Kept politics organized and holding power simple. But you waste the talents of people in lower castes that have no influence. | Role of Buddhist monastic communities/monks: You lived in these to give you the means to reach NIrvana as doing it out in the real world was too harMahayana vs. TheravadaBuddhism: Mahayana provided a simpler, guided path to Nirvana that could be done while living in society. \n \n \n |
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| Judaism | Christianity | |
|---|---|---|
| General time/place of founding | 2500BCE in Mesopotamia | Judea in the roman empire |
| Deity(s) | Monotheistic religion- one all-powerful god | the same almighty God of the Jews, Jesus also was a deity after his death |
| Founder/Leaders (if known) | Abraham is considered the father of Judaism | Jesus, Peter the Apostle, Paul of tarus |
| Key Texts | Torah | The bible (new testament) |
| Beliefs/ Practices/ Rituals | All Jews shall worship their ONE God, All Jewish man she be circumcised, kosher diets, A messiah will come | All the come back to love of God and each other. Repent for your sins and declare belif in Jesus as the son of God and youll get salvation |
| Expansion/Influence*(Where did it spread by the end of 1200 C.E.?)* | By this time Jews were dispersed in small minority groups. This was ever since the Romans ejected them from Judea around 64CE | By 1200ce, Christianity was the most poewrful religious amd political force in Europe. ALso in pockets of North Africa. |
| Political & Social Role How was this religion/belief system utilized to assert political authority and/or reinforce social hierarchies? | The laws of judaism in the Torah were the laws of hebrews as they lived amongst each other in tight knit communities. At one point there was a kingdom of israel. | Christianity in the Roman Empire: This was where their message spread to the Gentiles fo the Roman Empire and had a big following. Eventually it became the offcial religion of the emprie by order of the emperors \n Role of the Catholic Church in medieval Europe: Kingdoms were feudal and had little political force influence. The catholic church was the only european wide power \n Role of missionaries:spread beliefs pf the church to mamu parts of the worl. Going to make it the worlds largest religion by number of followersRole of monasteries: this is where the policies and belied of the church are refined and debated |
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| Islam | ||
|---|---|---|
| General time/place of founding | 630 CE in Mecca, (Saudi Arabia) | |
| Deity(s) | Allah (God, the Jewish and Christian God) | |
| Founder/Leaders (if known) | Muhammed | |
| Key Texts | The Quran | |
| Basic Beliefs & Practices | The five pillars of Islam: Declaring your commitment to Allah to worship him as the one and only. praying five times a day while facing Mecca, The Zakat: Giving a percentage of your worth to the poor. Ramadan during the Islamic month of Ramadan, showing your willingness to sacrifice for Allah by fasting every day in the daylight hours. The Hajj; Pilgrimage to Mecca | |
| Expansion/InfluenceWhere did it spread by the end of 1200 C.E.? | Huge. Dominant religion under the Islamic empire in all the middle east (including Persia), North Africa, and Spain | |
| Political & Social Role How was this religion/belief system utilized to assert political authority and/or reinforce social hierarchies? | During these days religious leaders were political leaders and vice versa. The islamic Empire was a theocracy (Govt. run by religious leaders) yet tolerant to other beliefs |
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5.0(3)
Explore Top NotesNoteStudied by 25 peopleNoteStudied by 1883 peopleNoteStudied by 92 peopleNoteStudied by 25 peopleNoteStudied by 8 peopleNoteStudied by 5 people
Ch 30 - Barriers to Development
NoteStudied by 25 peopleAP Precalculus Unit 4 Notes
NoteStudied by 1883 peopleHonors Biology Notes Grade 10 Highschool Unit 9 Ecology Part 1:
NoteStudied by 92 peopleCriminology Review
NoteStudied by 25 peopleChapter 22: Alkenes and Acids
NoteStudied by 8 peopleClimate Comparison
NoteStudied by 5 people