HOSA CERT Knowledge Study Guide 2018

What is the main responsibility of a CERT member?

What is the main responsibility of a CERT member?

Lessen the threat so EMS can get there.

What does EOP stand for?

Emergency Operation Plan.

What are some examples of EOPs?

Fire drill or lock down.

Who does the government talk to for an EOP plan?

Firefighters, EMTs, or anyone specific in an EOP plan.

Why does the government work with the people involved in an EOP?

To make sure everyone knows their job and to make sure we plan supplies out.

What three things that make up the fire triange?

Fuel, oxygen, and heat.

How do you stop a fire?

Take one of the sides of the fire triangle out.

What is a Class A fire?

Everyday campfire with wood, paper, plastic, ect.

What is a class B fire?

Flammable and combustible liquids like gasoline.

What is a class C fire?

Electrical fire (wire, ect.)

What happens when the power is turned off in a class C fire?

It can easily turn into a class A fire.

What is a class D fire?

Metal fire.

What is a class K fire?

Cooking oils like a grease fire.

What are the 9 size-up steps?

Gather Facts

Assess Damage

Consider Probabilities

Assess Your Situation

Establish Priorities

Make Decisions

Develop Plan of Action

Take Action

Evaluate Progress

What are the two types of natural hazardous gases?

Asphyxiation and explosive.

What are the 5 fire size up questions?

Do my buddy and I have the right equipment?

Are there other hazards?

Is the building structurally damaged?

Can my buddy and I escape?

Can my buddy and I fight the fire safely?

What are the four different kinds of fire extinguishers?

Dry chemical, water, Co2, and specialized.

What does PASS stand for?

Pull, aim, squeeze, and sweep.

What does DCAPBLTS stand for?

Deformities, contusions, abrasions, punctures, burns, lacerations, tenderness, and swelling.

What needs to get shut off during an electrical fire?

Appliances, circuit breakers, and fuses

How do you turn off a fuse box?

Press dots.

How do you turn off a circuit box?

Switch switches.

What does LIES stand for?

Limit, isolate, eliminate, and separate.

What resources are available to firefighters?

Portable fire extinguishers, confinement, creative resources, and wet standpipes.

What does the white quadrant show?

Possibly reactive with water or oxidizing properties.

What does START stand for?

Simple triage and rapid treatment.

What is arterial bleeding?

Bleeding from artery; spurts.

What is venous bleeding?

Bleeding from veins; flows.

What is capillary bleeding?

Bleeding from capillaries; oozes

What are the 3 main methods for controlling bleeding?

Direct pressure, elevation, and pressure points.

Where is the bracheol artery?

The arm.

What artery is found in the upper tight?

Femoral artery.

What artery is found on the back of the knee?

Popliteal artery.

What causes shock?

Lack of blood circulation.

What dies if shock is left untreated?

Cells, tissues, or entire organs.

What are the 3 main symptoms of shock?

Rapid and shallow breathing, CAP refill over 3 seconds, and failure to follow simple commands.

What are the responsibility's of a community leader?

Participate; local collaborative planning council, Identify/integrate; resources for government plans, and Ensure; facilities, staff, and customers served are prepared.

What is the goal of the Citizens Corps?

Make communities safer, more prepared, and more resilient.

What are the three types of disasters?

Natural, technological, and intentional.

What are some hazards from home fixtures?

Gas line ruptures, damage, electric shock/injury, or fire.

Who is at the top of the CERT organization chain?

Government Agency Liaison

Who second on the CERT organization chain?

CERT Incident Commander/Team Leader.

Who are the 4 on the third layer of the CERT organization chain?

Operation, planning, logistics, and administration section chief.

Who are the 3 under operation section chief on the CERT organization chain?

Fire suppression, search & rescue, and medical.

Who are the 2 under planning section chief?

Documentation and incident status.

What 5 items make up PPEs?

Helmet, goggles, N95 mask, non-latex & leather gloves, and boots.

What are the 4 ways to reduce electrical hazards?

Avoid electrical octopus, don't run cords under carpets, replace broken wires, and maintain appliances.

What are class A fire extinguishers used for?

1A to 40A fires.

What are class B fire extinguishers used for?

1B to 640B fires.

What does the number on a fire extinguisher label mean?

Greater amount of extinguishing agent.

What does OX in the white quadrant mean?

Possesses oxidizing properties.

What does the number at the bottom of a fire placard mean?

Chemical class.

What causes an obstructed airway?

The tongue.

What is a red victim?

Immediate (I): Survivor has life-threatening injuries (airway, bleeding, or shock)

What is a yellow victim?

Delayed (D): Injuries do not jeopardize survivor's life; treatment can be delayed

What is a green victim?

Minor (M): Walking wounded and generally ambulatory

What is a black victim?

Dead (DEAD): No respiration after two attempts to open airway

What are the first 4 things you do in triage?

Stop, look, listen, and think.

What are the 6 steps in the triage process?

Stop, Look, Listen, and Think

Conduct voice triage

Start where you stand; follow systematic route

Evaluate each survivor and tag

Treat "I" survivors immediately

Document triage results

What are 4 triage pitfalls?

No team plan, indecisive leadership, f]too much focus on one injury, and treatment performed.

List 3 methods for purifying water.

Boil water for 1 minute, water purification tablets, and non-perfumed liquid bleach.

How much bleach do you use to purify water?

8 drops/gal of water or 16 drops/gal if water is cloudy

Where should a treatment center be set up?

Upwind, uphill, and upstream.

What six thing should be documented?

Identifying info, description, clothing, injuries, treatment, and transfer location.

Where do superficial burns burn?

Epidermis.

Where do partial thick burns burn?

Dermis and epidermis.

Where do full thickness burns burn?

Subcutaneous layer and all layers above.

How do you treat frostbite?

Immerse in warm water and wrap is dry, sterile dressing.

How do you treat heat-related injures?

Remove body from heat, cool body, liquids, and no consumption for victim if vomiting or cramping.

How do you treat for bites/stings?

Remove stinger, wash, and ice.

What is light damage?

Broken windows, breaks in walls, and still safe to enter and stay.

What is moderate damage?

Fallen art, interior damage, still on foundation, and only go in to save lives.

What is heavy damage?

Collapse, tilting, and building off of foundation.

List 4 personal rescue resources.

Firefighters, police, medic, and contractor.

List 3 rescue tools.

Crowbar, auto jack, and chainsaw.

What do pancake voids look like?

Stacks on top of each other like a zigzag.

What does a lean-to void look like?

Straight diagonal.

What does a 'V' void look like?

Collapsed down to look like a 'V'.

How do you mark you entered on search marking?

Slash.

How do you show you exited on search markings?

Finish the X.

What info do you fill in on search markings?

Date/time in and out, areas searched, survivors, and CERT I.D.

What should you stop frequently to listen for?

Tapping, movement, and voices.

What are the 2 methods for lifting?

Leveraging and cribbing.

List the 6 carry methods.

One-person arm, pack-strap, two-person, chair, blanket carry and blanket drag.

What are the 5 weapons used by terrorists in order of least to greatest risk?

Nuclear, chemical, radio-logical, biological, and high-yield explosive.

What are the 5 types of chemical weapons?

Blister, blood, choking, nerve, and riot-control agents.

What 3 ways can biological weapons be exposed to our bodies?

Inhalation, ingestion, and absorption.

What is the first stage of stress?

Alarm (fight or flight)