Chapter 15 - Lipids

Sphingomyelin

________ forms an amide bond to fatty acid in amino alcohol sphingosine and a phosphodiester bonds to phosphate and amino alcohol.

Glycerophospholipids

________ are glycerol esters with two fatty acids and an amino alcohol phosphate.

Adrenal corticosteroids

________, such as aldosterone and cortisone, regulate the cellular water balance and blood glucose.

Nutrients

________ and waste products are moved via passive transport (diffusion), easier transport, or active transport through the cell membrane.

lipid bilayer

The ________ contains proteins and cholesterol and the surface is attached to the carbohydrates.

chylomicrons

The triacylglycerides are transported from the intestines and liver, such as ________ and LDL, to fat cells and muscles for storage and energy.

Triacylglycerols

________ are three long- chain fatty acid esters of glycerol.

Fats

________ have higher melting points than most vegetable oils, which contain more saturated fatty acids.

Glycerol

________ and fatty acids are produced when the ester bonds are hydrolyzed in triacylglycerols when strong acids are present.

Wax

________ is an ester of a fatty acid with a long chain of alcohol.

Steroid hormones

________ are structurally closely associated with cholesterol and their synthesis depends upon cholesterol.

Lipids

________ are not water- soluble biomolecules.

membrane

The ________ consists of a lipid bilayer with two rows of phospholipids.

double bonds

Saturated, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated with two or ________ may be fatty acids.

fatty acid

In saponification, glycerol and ________ salts are generated by triacylglycerol heated on a strong basis.