End of Cold War

Berlin Wall

Divided Germany and Berlin, built to close the border and prevent people from leaving East Germany.

Indira Gandhi

Third Prime Minister of India, developed nuclear program, and had a close relationship with the Soviet Union during the Cold War.

Thatcher

British Prime Minister known as the Iron Lady, advocated for free trade, deregulation, and assertiveness in military power.

Gorbachev

Last President of the Soviet Union, implemented Glasnost and Perestroika, leading to the fall of the Berlin Wall and the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

Reagan

U.S. President during the Cold War, known for Reaganomics and improving relations with Thatcher and Gorbachev.

Deng Xiaoping

Leader of the Communist Party in China, implemented economic reforms and modernization.

Estonia

Baltic country with a thriving economy post-USSR, regained independence in 1991, known for IT services and wood exports.

Kazakhstan

Ninth largest country in Central Asia, rich in oil and gas reserves, left the USSR in 1991 and participated in WWII.

Moldova

Joined and left the USSR, known for agriculture and textiles, improving economy but with high poverty rates.

Latvia

Baltic country with a growing economy, joined and left the USSR, known for wood products and industrialization.

Georgia

Eurasian country with a subtropical climate, left the USSR in 1991, known for tourism and exports like copper ore and wine.

Turkmenistan

Central Asian country with a sub-tropical desert climate, known for internal conflicts and exports like cotton and natural gas.

Lithuania

Baltic country with a temperate climate, left the USSR in 1990, known for manufacturing, agriculture, IT, and tourism.

Belarus

Eastern European country known as the breadbasket of Eastern Europe, left the USSR in 1991, with a petrochemical industry and limited travel.

Uzbekistan

Central Asian country known for exporting cotton, gold, and natural gas, left the USSR in 1991.

Tajikistan

Central Asian country that joined and left the USSR, predominantly Muslim.