Childhood Development Review

This collection of flashcards covers key vocabulary related to childhood development, emphasizing physical, cognitive, moral, and psychological aspects.

Physical Development

Refers to the changes in body size, proportions, and functioning during early childhood.

Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)

The level at which a child can almost perform a task independently, but can achieve it with assistance.

Scaffolding

Support provided by others that helps children learn and solve problems, encouraging independence.

Cognitive Development

Changes in cognitive processes and abilities through various stages of growth.

Gross Motor Skills

Involve larger body movements such as walking, jumping, and running.

Fine Motor Skills

Involve smaller, more delicate body movements, such as writing or drawing.

Moral Development

Refers to changes in people's sense of justice, right and wrong, and behavior related to moral issues.

Kohlberg's Theory

A theory categorizing the stages of moral development based on how individuals reason about moral dilemmas.

Private Speech

Speech directed to oneself that aids in self-regulation and cognitive development.

Authoritative Parenting Style

A parenting style characterized by reasonable demands and high responsiveness.

Sociocultural Theory

Theoretical framework emphasizing that culture influences cognitive development.

Fast Mapping

The ability to quickly associate new words with their meanings after brief encounters.

Holophrases

One-word utterances that convey a complete thought understood from context.

Play-Based Learning

Learning that occurs through play interactions, vital for social and cognitive growth.

Telegraphic Speech

Short, simple sentences that convey meaning while omitting non-essential words.