Characteristics and classification of Living Organisms

What is growth?

A permanent increase in size and dry mass

What is movement?

An action by an organism or part of an organism causing change of position or place

What is respiration?

The chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient moleculs and release energy for metabolism

What is sensitivity?

The ability to detect and respond to changes in the internal or external environment

What is reproduction?

The processes that make more of the same kind of organism

What is excretion?

The removal of the waste products of metabolism and substances in excess of requirements

What is nutrition?

Taking in materials for energy growth and development

The fungus are usually …

Multicellular but can be unicellular too

What is the structure of fungus's cells?

Have nuclei and cell walls, but the walls are not made of cellulose

Do fungus have chlorophyll?

No

How they feed? (Fungus)

Decomposes

How do fungus reproduce?

By spores

The protocists are… (cell)

Multicellular and unicellular

Do protocists have nucleus?

Yes

Do protocists have a cell wall?

May or may not

Do protocists have chloroplast?

May or may not

How the protocists feed?

Some feed by photosynthesis and others feed on organic substances made by others

The prokaryotes are usually… (cell)

Unicellular

Do prokaryotes have nucleus?

No

Do prokaryotes nave cell walls?

Yes

If prokaryotes have cell walls, are the cell walls made of cellulose?

No

Do prokaryotes have mitochondria?

No

Where is the genetic material of prokaryotes?

Have a circular loop of DNA, which is free in cytoplasm

Do prokaryotes have plasmids?

Often yes

Do animals have nucleus?

Yes

Do animals have cell walls or chloroplasts?

No

How do animals feed on?

Organic substances made by other living organisms

Do plants have nucleus?

Yes

Do plants have cell walls and chloroplasts?

Yes and cell walls are made of cellulose and often contain chloroplasts

How do plants feed on?

Photosynthesis

What are the organs of plants?

Roots, stems and leaves (some don't)

Who are vertebrates?

Fish, birds, mammals, reptiles and amphibians

What are the characteristic features of fish?

Scaly skin, have sills throughout their life for gas exchange, have fins, eggs have no shells and are laid in water

What are the characteristic features of amphibians?

Shin with no scales, eggs have no shells and are laid in water, tadpoles live in water but adults often live on land, tadpoles have gills for gas exchange but adults have lungs

What are the characteristic features of reptiles?

Scaly skin, lay eggs with soft shells

What are the characteristic features of birds?

Have feathers and a beak, front two limbs are wings, lay eggs with hard shells

Skin of mammals?

Hair on their skin and they have sweat glands in the skin

How do the mammals reproduce?

Their young develop in a uterus, attached to the mother by a placenta

What is a special feature of female mammals?

They have mammary glands, which produce milk to feed their young

What are the other features of mammals?

They different kinds of teeth, a pinna ( ear flap) ,and a diaphragm

What are the characteristic features of arthropods?

They have several pairs of jointed legs and an exoskeleton

What de the arthropods?

Insects, myriapods, arachnids, crustacean

What are the characteristic features of insects?

Three pairs of jointed legs, two pairs of wings, breath through trachea, body divided into a head, thorax and abdomen - one pair of antennae

What are the characteristic features of crustaceans?

More than four pairs of jointed legs, two pairs of antennae

What are the characteristic features of arachnids?

Four pairs of jointed legs, no antennae, body divided into two parts _ a cephalothorax and abdomen

What are the characteristic features of myriapods?

Many similar segments, each segment has jointed legs, one pair of antennae

What at the characteristic features of ferns?

Plants with roots, stems and leaves - do not produce flowers _ reproduce by spores

What of the characteristic features of flowering plants?

Plants with roots, stems and leaves, _ reproduce using flowers and seeds - seeds are produced inside an ovary

What at the characteristic features of dicots?

Seeds with two cotyledons, a main root with side roots, leaves have a network of veins, flower parts in multiples of four or five, vascular bundles in the stem arranged in a ring

What art the characteristic features of monocots?

One cotyledon, roots grow out directly from the stem, leaves have parallel veins, flower parts in multiples of three, vascular bundles in the stem arranged randomly

Are viruses living organisms?

No

What does the cell of a virus contain?

Genetic material surrounded by a protein coat