Social 30-1 Classical Conservatism - Study Guide

Flashcards for Social 30-1 Classical Conservatism Study Guide

What is an Absolute Monarch?

A form of government where one person possesses absolute power.

What is an Aristocracy?

A form of government ruled by a small group of noble, land-owning families.

What does Authoritarian mean?

A political system where authority is concentrated in a single leader or small elite.

What is a Bureaucracy?

A system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives.

What is Capitalism?

An economic system based on private ownership of capital and production.

What is Censorship?

The suppression or prohibition of speech or writing that is deemed objectionable.

What is a Class System?

A hierarchical social structure based on factors such as wealth, occupation, and social status.

What is Classical Conservatism?

A political ideology emphasizing tradition, hierarchy, and limited government.

What is Conservatism?

A political philosophy that emphasizes tradition and social stability.

What is a Dictatorship?

A form of government where absolute power is concentrated in a single dictator.

What does Disparity mean?

A great difference.

What is the Divine Right of Kings?

The belief that a monarch's authority comes directly from God.

What is Economic Freedom?

The ability of individuals to make their own economic decisions without government interference.

What is Elitism?

The belief that a select group of individuals are inherently superior and should have more power.

What is a Free Market?

An economic system in which prices are determined by supply and demand with minimal government intervention.

What is Fundamentalism?

A strict adherence to specific religious or ideological principles.

What is Income Disparity?

The gap between the rich and poor in a society.

What is Individualism?

The belief in the importance of individual rights, freedoms, and self-reliance.

What is Industrialization?

The process of transforming from an agrarian society to one based on manufacturing.

What is an Institution?

An organization or established practice with a social purpose.

What is Liberalism?

A political ideology emphasizing individual rights, freedoms, and limited government.

What is Libertarianism?

A political philosophy that emphasizes individual liberty and minimal government intervention.

What is Luddism?

A movement that opposed technological advancements and industrialization.

What is a Monarchy?

A form of government with a single ruler, typically a king or queen.

What is a Monopoly?

Exclusive control of a commodity or service in a particular market.

What are Natural Rights?

Rights inherent to all human beings, such as the right to life, liberty, and property.

Who are the Nouveau Riche?

People who have recently acquired wealth and risen in social class.

What is an Oligarchy?

A form of government in which power is held by a small group of people.

What does Orthodoxy mean?

Adherence to traditional or established beliefs and practices.

What is a Plutocracy?

A form of government in which the wealthy hold power.

What is Private Property?

The right of individuals and businesses to own and control property.

What is Privatization?

The transfer of ownership of a business, industry, or service from public to private.

What is a Reactionary?

Someone who opposes change and wants to return to a previous state.

What is a Republican government?

A system of government in which power is held by the people and their elected representatives.

What is the Rule of Law?

The principle that all people are subject to and accountable to the law.

What is Secularism?

The separation of government and religion.

What is Self-Interest?

Acting in a way that benefits oneself.

What is Social Contract Theory?

The idea that individuals consent to be governed and give up some freedom in exchange for protection.

What is a Theocracy?

A system of government ruled in the name of God or a god.

Who are the Tories?

A member of the Conservative Party.

What is Totalitarianism?

A political system in which the state recognizes no limits to its authority and strives to regulate every aspect of public and private life.

What is Tradition?

The transmission of customs or beliefs from generation to generation.

What is Urbanization?

The growth of cities.

Who were the Whigs?

A member of a British political party in the 18th and 19th centuries that advocated reform.

What was the American Revolution?

A major event in the late 18th century where the 13 colonies declared independence from Great Britain.

Who was Edmund Burke?

A conservative British statesman who opposed the French Revolution.

What was the English Civil War?

A series of conflicts in the 17th century over the power of the monarchy.

What was the French Revolution?

A major upheaval in the late 18th century that led to the overthrow of the French monarchy.

What was the Glorious Revolution?

The overthrow of King James II of England in 1688.

Who was Thomas Hobbes?

A philosopher who advocated for a strong central government in his book Leviathan.