Chemistry Reactions

Group 1 Elements (Alkali Metals) + Water

Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen gas

Group 1 Elements (Alkali Metals) normally react with non-metals

Form ionic compounds held together by ionic bonds

Group 1 Elements (Alkali Metals) + Chlorine

Chlorine salt

Group 7 Elements (Halogens) + Metal (normally group 1)

Metal halide (an ionic compound held together by ionic bond)

Group 0 Elements (Noble gases)

Don't react because they have a full outer electron shell (Inert)

What is a displacement reaction?

A more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from a compound containing the less reactive element

Example of displacement reaction?

Magnesium + Copper sulfate → Copper + Magnesium sulfate

What is a combustion reaction?

A reaction with oxygen releasing light and heat, producing carbon dioxide and water

General combustion reaction formula?

Fuel (hydrocarbon) + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water

What is thermal decomposition?

One reactant breaks down into multiple products when heated

Example of thermal decomposition?

Copper carbonate → Copper oxide + Carbon dioxide

Oxygen + Hydrogen

Water (reaction producing energy and steam)

What are endothermic reactions?

Reactions that absorb heat from surroundings, making surroundings cooler

What are exothermic reactions?

Reactions that release heat to surroundings, making surroundings warmer

Metal + Acid

Metal salt + Hydrogen

How to test for hydrogen gas?

Bring burning splint to gas; "squeaky pop" sound means hydrogen present

Metal + Oxygen

Metal oxide

What happens when reactive metals like sodium react with cold water?

Metal hydroxide + Hydrogen gas, solution becomes alkaline

How do less reactive metals like magnesium react with steam?

Metal oxide + Hydrogen gas

What is a metal displacement reaction?

More reactive metal displaces less reactive metal from its compound

Example of metal displacement reaction?

Zinc + Copper sulfate → Zinc sulfate + Copper

Why do reactive metals react quickly with cold water?

They need little energy to start the reaction

What happens to hydroxide ions in water after metal + water reaction?

They dissolve in water making it alkaline

Why do steam reactions favor metal oxide formation?

High temperature provides energy to form oxides

How does hydrogen gas react in the test tube with a burning splint?

Explosively with oxygen to form water causing a "squeaky pop"

What kind of bonds hold ionic compounds together?

Ionic bonds between metal and non-metal ions

What happens to temperature in an endothermic reaction?

Temperature decreases because heat is absorbed

What happens to temperature in an exothermic reaction?

Temperature increases because heat is released

acid + base

→ water + salt