Materials of Design Decoration

armature

A framework of metal wire or tubing used in fashioning a work in clay, wax, or plaster of Paris.

mullion

The wood or metal dividers used between the different panes of glass on multi-paned windows.

blind stitch

The kind of stitch used for appliques.

cameo glass

Glass that was perfected by the Romans, this is the process of grinding away the upper of two superimposing layers of glass to leave a design standing on a ground of contrasting color usually white on dark blue.

Fiber Optics

A way of transmitting light through long flexible glass or plastic fibers, using the principle of total internal refraction.

travertine

A sedimentary rock; a natural precipitate of carbonate minerals, typically aragonite, which is deposited from the water of mineral springs, especially hot springs.

spattering

A very simple and straightforward technique that can add depth to any painted object, and sometimes, the overall effect can even be made to look like granite.

Imari Ware

Named for its port of export, a ware that was so popular in 17th-century Europe that even the Chinese imitated it, characterized by bright-colored designs inspired by ornate lacquerwork, screens, and textiles.

lumens

A way of measuring how much light gets to an object that you want to light.

Brocade

A rich Jacquard woven fabric of an all-over interwoven design of raised figures of flowers with the pattern emphasized by contrasting surfaces or colors, of which all are done in low relief.

bisque

a term literally meaning "half-baked". When the ware has undergone a preliminary low range firing through an oven or a kiln.

needlepunched carpets

uses an electrostatic method. Dyed short ends of fiber are electro statically treated and sprayed onto an electrically charged backing sheet which has been treated with adhesive.

verdigirs

a greenish blue patina that forms on copper, brass, or bronze surfaces.

tempered glass

annealed glass that is reheated to just below the softening point and then rapidly cooled to induce compressive stresses in the surfaces and edges of the glass and tensile stresses in the interior. It has three to five times the resistance of annealed glass but it cannot be altered after fabrication, and breaks into relatively harmless pebble-sized particles.

Boulle

Tortoiseshell, ivory, mother-of-pearl and metals of various colors used as inlay to ornament cabinetwork, name is derived from the name of the person who initiated this inlay.

Michaelangelo

Said to be the greatest sculptor of the Early Renaissance. His works demonstrated that he was not only a master stonecutter, but he also possessed a profound understanding of human psychology.

Lanuelle Abueva - Fernando

based in Antipolo City and specializes in handmade functional stoneware ceramics; also began incorporating volcanic ash glazes in some of his works after the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo.

Cladding

This may refer to the application of one material over another to provide a skin or layer intended to control the infiltration of weather elements, or for aesthetic purposes.

boucle

the French word for curled. The fabric was so named because it has a ringed appearance, formed by drawn-out loop yarns on the face of the goods, thereby giving it a kinky appearance at intervals.

lambrequin

A decorative drapery or valance hung over a window or door.

Wrought Iron

A form of iron with a low carbon content, known for its softness, ductility, and ability to be shaped through heat and hammering.

acrylic

A type of plastic, fabric, or paint, all based on an acid, known for its clarity, strength, and durability.

Auguste Rodin

Considered as the towering sculptor of the 19th Century, known for the Gates of Hell and his ability to reveal the inner life of the human being through gestures and attitudes of the body.

chenille

A fabric woven that has a fuzzy pile, used mainly for decorative fabrics, embroidery, tassels, and rugs.

burnishing

To make a surface smooth by the act of friction.

Bachtiari

Rugs woven with bright yellows, greens, with the predominance of reds.

louvers

A series of baffles, usually geometric, used to shield a lamp from view at certain viewing angles.

Sterling

A term used in connection with silverware, indicating that the silver is 92 ½ percent pure.

bolster

A long pillow or cushion usually placed on a chair, sofa, or bed.

slipmatch

Veneer pieces are joined in sequence without flipping the pattern; if the grain is straight, the joints will not be obvious.

praxitelian curve

An exaggerated s-like curve of the body's axis, with a sensuous, even erotic, modeling of the body.

savonnerie

Hand woven rug with a high pile, in pastel colors and floral and scroll patterns. Designed for the 18th & 19th Century royal houses & palaces, these were produced in the rug & tapestry factory outside of Paris. Very much in demand & command high prices.

High-Intensity Discharge Lamps

These lamps are typically used when high levels of light over large areas are required, and when energy efficiency and/or light intensity are desired. This includes gymnasiums, large public areas, warehouses, movie theaters, etc.

overdrapes

Stationary draperies used on either side of a window with other window treatments between them. Can be left straight or tied back.

melamine

With a wider color range, it is well known to the public in the form of molded dishes and laminates, such as counter tops, and are used for most laminating resins for both low and high pressure laminates.

substrate

The underlying support for the ceramic tile installation.

lalique

Invented in the early 20th century. It produced luminous, transparent glass ornamented by pressing and by alternating polished and dull surfaces. It produced decorative glass and figurines in the tradition of the Art Nouveau movement, and was a reaction against the industrialized way of making glass where everything was machine made.

saraband

Entire field covered with a repeating pattern of palm leaves with rose or blue ground. Mir is the name of the village in this district where the design had its source.

ikat

A style of weaving that uses a resist dyeing process similar to tie-dye on either the warp or weft before the threads are woven to create a pattern or design.

Discobolus

Defined as an athlete depicted at the moment of greatest potential energy; just before the tensed figure hurled his discus.

scarf

A long piece of fabric, designed to drape across the top of the window and hang to the floor on either side; easily customized for unique looks.

Sandblasting

A general term used to describe the act of propelling very fine bits of material at high-velocity to clean or etch a surface. A method used to remove layers of glass and creates a cloudy dull finish that results with every layer removed.

terra sigillata

A slip comprised of the smallest particles of clay, which consequently resembles a burnished surface. The technique was used to impressive effect in the Greco-Roman period

latticino

Threads of white or colored glass within clear glass, sometimes lace-like in pattern.

stackback

This is the area required and used by pleated curtains when they are open on either side of the window. You need to allow for this when you measure for your curtain track.

pewter

A lead alloy that was used for the same things that silver was used for, but it was very much cheaper, thus considered as poor man's silver.

Wool

Used for centuries in the manufacturing of carpet, it is generally the most expensive carpet fiber and is commonly used in woven carpets.

Persian knot

An asymmetric knot, also called sehna/senneh knot.

varnish

A liquid preparation consisting of a resin dissolved in oil or in alcohol, that when spread and allowed to dry forms a hard, lustrous, usually transparent coating.

law of frontality

The body of the figure in the round must not be twisted in any way. The face must look straight ahead and each side must be exactly like the other.

Glare

Refers to an excessive luminance ratio in the field of vision, and is a strong, steady, dazzling light or reflection.

jabot

A French term for pleated or draped lengths of fabric hanging down the side of the window.

tapestry

A decorative fabric wherein the pictorial/ornamental design is made by weaving colored weft thread alternatively. This has been known since ancient times.

Sevres

This was-and still is-one of the most famous European porcelain manufacturers- along with Meissen and later Minton. It was first known as Vincennes-since it started as a workshop in 1740

Slate

A dense, fine-grained homogenous metamorphic rock, historically used for roofing, but is now also used as a contemporary interior floor or wall finish. It has two lines of breakability, cleavage and grain, making it possible to be split easily into thin sheets.

Diffuser

Any of a variety of translucent materials for filtering glare of a light source and distributing the light over an extended area.

Silicone

Known for their stability through a wide range of temperatures, ultraviolet radiation, and harsh weather. They are used in commercial interior applications as water-repellent fabric finishes and joint sealants.

Temmoku

A sought-after variety of stoneware tea bowl, related to the Chien ware of China, with a thick purplish-brown glaze that is still popular.

Murrhine

A fragile opalescent glassware made by the Romans and used for ornamental and useful purposes.

Maquette

A small scale model for a finished sculpture. It is used to visualise and test shapes and ideas without incurring the cost and effort of producing a full scale sculpture.

Kazach

These are rugs woven with sharp reds, blues and off whites.

Murano glass

Named after a suburb in Venice that produced exceptionally light and delicate glass. Modeled into extraordinary shapes in every variety of color and because of its thinness, it was never cut.

Dimmer

A device used to regulate the intensity of light from a lamp.

Velour

Term comes from the French term meaning velvet, and although resembles velvet, it has a lower cut pile. A loosely applied term to cut-pile cloths in general. It also designates fabrics with a fine raised finish.

A la duchesse

A type of bed with a canopy suspended from the ceiling rather than supported by posts. Also known as an angle bed.

Archaic

Sculpture in this period was greatly influenced by the Egyptians, and never dared to liberate the figure from the stone. There was also the prevalence of the Daedalic Style.

Dinandrie

15 th century metal alloy, the ancestor of pewter, being a combination of copper, tin, and lead. Used particularly in application to ornamental figures made in Dinant, Belgium.

Spill Light

Term applied to any stray light outside the main concentration of the beam, usually controlled by baffles, louvers and other accessories.

Portland Vase

A first century Roman Cameo Glass Vase which served as an inspiration to many glass and porcelain makers from about the beginning of the 18th Century onwards, and was the basis for Wedgwood in one of his basalt ware productions.

Alpombra

Tagalog term for carpet.

Crepe

A lightweight fabric characterized by a crinkly surface produced by hard twist yarns, chemical treatment, weave, or embossing. It has very good wearing qualities and has a very slimming effect.

Alabaster

A fine-grained stone with a smooth milk-white surface. Used for ornaments and statuary. It is slightly translucent.

Lustre

The technique of applying an iridescent decoration to ceramics by depositing a metallic film onto the glaze causing it to adhere to the ceramic surface that becomes iridescent when burnished.

Greige Goods

Raw or unfinished goods that have been woven but are otherwise unprocessed.

Brass

It is bright yellowish in appearance, and susceptible to high polish. It is known to be prone to patina, tarnishes easily and should be given a coat of lacquer and much polishing. It is commonly used for door hardware and upholstered furniture tacks.

Cartridge Pleats

Are round, 2" to 2 ½" pleats, filled in with cotton or paper to hold the shape. They are generally spaced 2" to 3" apart.

Alpujira

Coarse, heavy rugs originally meant as bedspreads, hand-loomed by peasants in Alpujira, Spain since the 15th Century. Bold designs woven in 2 to 10 colors; include tree of life patterns, flowers, leaves & grapes.

Late Classical

Before this period, no goddess or heroic female figure was depicted completely naked in Greek art. The first great female nude was of the goddess of beauty, Aphrodite, by Praxiteles. Known as the Aphrodite of Cnidus, it was the most famous Greek statue of its time. Through gentle curves and relaxed poses, there was an introduction of gracefulness and sensuality in his works.

Buen Retiro

The counterpart of the Capo di Monte factory of Italy, known for beautiful figurines and soft-paste porcelain.

geometric rugs

Rugs made by tribal and primitive village people of Persia, each tribe distinguished by its own rug style.

Dopplewand Glass

The rarest and most interesting of this glass is the white, opaque milky glass, known as Milk Glass. In tint it resembles porcelain or Battersea enamel. The color is a solid white and, when held to the light, is translucent to about the same extent as Oriental porcelain. The surface is fine and smooth and soft to the touch. The glass is heavy, owing to the lead used in its manufacture, and it is very brittle

boiserie

A French term designating a plain or carved wood-paneled wall.

chromium

Plating is one of the most commonly encountered usages of this material in architecture. It gives a thin, hard, bright, wear resistant surface which sheds water when highly polished

eyelet curtains

Also known as grommet-top curtains.

Chintz

A glazed cotton fabric often printed with bright figures and large flower designs, named from the Hindu word meaning spotted.

Aventurine Glass

Opaque brown Venetian glass, its surface spangled with small pieces of metal.

Bernini

He was the outstanding personality of the baroque age. Like Michelangelo, he was a child prodigy, had a long and prolific career, and was a painter, sculptor, and architect. A strong interplay of light, shadow, and movement characterizes all of his works and he was typified by the use of illusion, excitement, and spectacular effects. He succeeded in uniting the sensual with the spiritual experience

flokati

Shaggy wool area rugs made in Greece, in solid colors as well as natural off-white shade.

Operable Wall

A movable wall that is hinged or slides serving as a room divider.

marquetry

A flush pattern produced by inserting contrasting materials in a veneered surface, wherein rare, grained, and colored woods are usually used.

15 pcs

Given a room with the size of 5 x 12 meters, with 2 door openings; one sized .80 x 2.15, the other sized .75 x 2.15 meters, with two sets of windows sized .80 x 1.25 meters and bottom sill .90 meter from floor, how many pcs. of lumber do you need?

14,800.00

Given the same room as stated in number 91, how much will you spend to complete a 2-draw, single layer French-pleated curtain set, if your 54" fabric costs PhP 1,250.00/yard?

530 pcs

Given a Grand Ballroom with dimensions of 96 x 48 meters, which can be divided into 2 smaller ballrooms, compute for the number of tiles needed for a 2-layer border tile for one smaller ballroom if using .75 x .75 sized tile.

996,500.00

Given a space sized 4 x 9 meters; how much will they spend for the broadloom carpet installation if the material costs 18,335.35/sqm?

52,900.00

Given a space with dimensions of 14 x 8.9 meters and a height of 3.35 m, with 2 door openings sized 1.2 x 2.25 and 1.1 x 2.25 meters, and 3 full height windows with a size of 1.5 x 2.25 meters, how much will they spend for standard decorative wallpaper if the material cost is 1,355.00/roll?

9.295,000.00

How much will they spend for diagonal installation field tile for number 93, if the .22 x 1.35 tile costs 3,755.75 for a box of 3 pcs?

246,000.00

How much will the wastage cost for the broadloom carpet installation at 94?

50,000.00

For a window sized 2.98 x 2.15 meters height, how much will you spend for the middle layer of a 3 draw, 3 layer, French pleated drapery set, if the 63 inch fabric costs 2,888.80/yard?

75.5 sqft

For the same window in 98, how many square feet of combi blinds do they need to order?

10,200.00

For the middle layer stated in 98, how much will the labor cost be if the curtain maker charges 1,700.00 per panel?