Movement into and out of cells

What is diffusion

Movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

what gives particles more kinetic energy

higher temperature, faster movement

what do cells need for energy

water, mineral ions, food

why do cells need energy

for them to build cell structure

where do substances pass through in a cell

a partially permeable membrane

when to molecules stop diffusing into cells

when there is an equilibrium inside and outside the cell

which ways of movement move down a concentration gradient

diffusion, osmosis

why do living organisms diffuse

get rid of waste, get nutrients from outside the cell

how do plants use diffusion on their leaves

to diffuse air into the leaves from outside the leaf

what is osmosis

Movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from higher water concentration to lower water concentration

why is water important in the body

it in and out of cells, for chemical reactions, used as a solvent

what is the concentration gradient for osmosis

down

what is the concentration gradient for diffusion

down

what is the concentration gradient for active transport

up

where does water pass into a cell

a partially permeable membrane

what is water potential

Measure of the tendency of water molecules to move from one place to another

what is high water potential

a lot of water outside cell

what is an example of high water potential

a drink that needs to be diluted to be drinkable

what is low water potential

less water outside the cell

what is an example of low water potential

a drink that is already diluted with no need of any more water

what happens when a lot of water molecules diffuse into a cell

the cell swells and strains

do animal cells or plant cells burst when they get a lot of water in its cell

animal cells

why don’t plant cells burst

cell wall prevents that w

why do animal cells burst

the cell membrane is too weak to hold it together

what happens when the cytoplasm is too concentrated

it strains and could burst

what happens when the cytoplasm is not concentrated enough

loses water cell becomes smaller

what is it called when a cell swells

turgid

what is it called when a cell loses too much water

flaccid

what does turgid mean

a plant cell that is tight and firm

what is turgid pressure

the pressure of the water pushing outwards on a plant cell wall

what does flaccid mean

a plant cell that is soft and shrunk

what happens to the cytoplasm and vacuole when a cell become flaccid

they shrink

what else happens to the cell when it becomes flaccid regarding the cell wall and cytoplasm

cytoplasm and cell membrane pull away from the cell wall

what does Plasmolysed mean

a cell in which the cell membrane tears away from the cell wall

what is active transport

movement of molecules through the cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to high concentration

what are the blue structures

carrier Proteins

what are carrier proteins

Proteins embedded in the cell membrane that pick up specific molecules and transport them into the cell.