Social Changes + Policy Development

social values and norms

Social values, norms and mores Are aspects of culture that regulates peoples behaviour

values

General principles, beliefs or guidelines about how we should live our lives they tell us what is right and wrong good I’m bad different societies may have different values

norms

Spacific rules are socially acceptable standards about how we are expected to behave in spacific situations. These alarms can be informal unwritten rules or formal rules.

Specific norms

often based on general values for example modern society values to principles that all individuals are of equal worth From this value comes specific Norms making it illegal to discriminate against someone based on their race, sex or sexual orientation

Mores

they are very basic essential norm society sees as vital for maintaining standards of decency and civilised behaviours

public perception of crime

• they are key factors in influencing policy development

• It can even lead to discrimination or increase punishment

• As public view of a particular issue change law and policies often change too

public perception and discrimination of homosexual

public perception of war veterans as heroes versus the criminal ation of homosexuality led to conflicting interest on a public pushback against the laws that Imprisoned gay men. this led to a government review the wolfenden report in 1967.

public perception and Gun laws.

Public perceptions of firearms changed drastically after the dump line and hunger food massacre leading to an outcry about safety and regulations. This led to the pressure groups' snowdrop campaign and eventually amendment to the firearms act 1990

example of public perception: Drink-driving

overtime views about drinking have changed and this has led to changes in law and policies. It is seen as much more serious and the government laws have become tighter.

key dates of drink-driving

• in 1925 the first law on drinking driving is passed but there is no limit or definition of what drunk was

• 1968 the first breathalyser was introduced this helped road reduce road deaths by over 1100 and serious injuries by over 11,000 accidents involving alcohol fell from 25% to 15%

• in 2014 the prison sentences is increased to 14 years also think campaign surveys finds out that 91% of people agree that drink-driving is unacceptable and 92% said that they would feel ashamed if they were caught

democratic Changes: immigration and racism

Ask people move in and out of the country the Demography of that country changes such as laws and policies To reflect the diversity in the population

keywords for demographic changes

• Immigration- Moving into society

• Emigration- moving out of society

• Net migration- difference between the number of immigrants and the number of emigrants

brief history of immigration in the UK

During the 1950s and 1960s non-white immigrants came from former British colonies in the Caribbean the Indian subcontinent and Africa

As a result the UK Democratic structure has changed to a multi ethnic one according to the loss of consensus in 2021 around 19% of the UK population are non-white

case study: The wind rush generation

• In 1949 It’s brought 802 migrants from British colonies to the Caribbean to London discrimination was illegal which led to hostility exploitation and social inequality

• In 1952 found out only 1.5% of the English landlords were willing to house black tenants

The race relations act

• passed in 1965 this band racial discrimination of public places

• Another act in 1968 outlaw discrimination in key areas of employment housing and public service

• it was replaced by 19 76 race relations act which strengthens the law by extending it to cover both direct and indirect discrimination

• it was replaced by the equality act in 2010 which brought together laws on racial sex, age and disability discrimination

impact on public Perception

In 1987 the British attitude survey found that 39% of people said they were racially prejudice on this had fallen to 27% in 2017

cultural changes an LGBTQ+ rights

lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and transgender rights in the UK have changed dramatically in recent times in line with changes in societies culture and value

Key Dates and legislation In LGBT+

• 1533 buggery act- Sodomy between men was punishable by death

• 1861-death penalty is abolished but criminal law was extended to include any type of sexual act between men

• 1954-over 1000 men are in present for homosexuality including war veterans and Nazi enigma code breaker Alan Turing

• 2004 gender recognition act-enable people to change their legal gender apply for a new birth certificate and have their acquired sex recognise in all form

• 2013 marriage equality act-homosexual couples can legally marry.