Studied by 23 people
True or False. An archeologist might analyze animal remains on stone weapons to learn about prehistoric hunting.
true
True or False. C-14 dating reveals the age of an object because living things slowly rain radioactive carbon over time.
false
The best way to describe Paleolithic peoples and their way of life is by calling them
nomads
What is the study of past societies through an analysis of what people have left behind?
archeology
What is the period of time before written history?
prehistory
The Neolithic Revolution was the shift from hunting and gathering to ___ in various parts of the world.
systematic agriculture
A reliable source of meat, milk, and wool resulted from the ___ of animals.
domestication
The first civilization developed in ___.
river valleys
___ brought new civilizations in contact with one another.
Trading
The change that led to all other changes in the Neolithic Revolution was the
change in the method of obtaining food
The Neolithic Revolution was followed by the
Bronze Age
Which of the following is the most complete definition of a civilization?
a. Any culture that uses written records and whose people practice a religion.
b. The gathering of human groups in farms, villages, and settlements.
c. A complex culture in which a large number of humans share elements in common.
d. Any social structure based on economic power.
c. A complex culture in which a large number of humans share elements in common.
True or False. Some historians believe that systematic revolution is the single most important development.
true
Explain the relationship between culture and a civilization.
Culture is the way of a people and a civilization is a complex culture.
theocracy
A government by divine authority
ziggurat
A religious and political power center of the city-state
cuneiform
A Sumerian innovation used for recordkeeping
bronze
A Sumerian innovation used to create finely crafted metalwork
silt
Rich soil deposited by rivers during a flood
Which statement is most accurate?
a. The flooding of the Tigris and the Euphrates was the main factor that led to civilization in Mesopotamia.
b. The melting of snows in the upland mountains was the main factor that led to civilization in Mesopotamia.
c. The flooding of the Tigris and Euphrates and the ability to control flooding were the main factors that led to civilization in Mesopotamia.
c. The flooding of the Tigris and Euphrates and the ability to control flooding were the main factors that led to civilization in Mesopotamia.
The Sumerian city-states had primarily a ___ economy.
metalworking
True or False. Fertile river valleys could support many people in permanent settlements.
true
hieroglyphics
Complex system of writing, meaning āsacred writingsā, that is made up of pictures and more abstract forms
pyramids
Part of a larger complex of buildings dedicated to the dead
mummification
Way in which dead bodies of wealthy Egyptians were preserved from the time of the Old Kingdom
pharaoh
Title of Egyptian monarch who possessed absolute power
bureaucracy
Administrative organization with officials and regular procedures that helped run the government
Egyptian history is divided into three major periods, known as the
Old, Middle, and New Kingdom
The development of Egyptian civilization was influenced most powerfully by
the Nile River
During the Old Kingdom, a government ___ - an administrative organization with officials and regular procedures - developed in time because Egypt divided into 42 provinces.
bureaucracy
Significant nomadic peoples who spoke a language derived from a single parent tongue were the
Indo-Europeans
The Hittites were the first Indo-Europeans to
use iron weapons
What were the cultural and economic accomplishments of the Phoenicians?
The Phoenicians established a 22 character alphabet and developed new trading routes.
True or False. Indo-Europeans were one of the most significant nomadic peoples.
true
Israelites were descendants of the patriarch ___.
Abraham
What was the lasting effects of the Israelites?
a monotheistic religion and they played an important role in Christianity and Islam
Rich soil to grow wheat, parley, and peas in the Indus Valley resulted from
the annual flooding of the Indus River
Public wells for supplying water to city residents, an advanced drainage system, and a system of garbage disposal in Indus Valley cities are indications of
an organized government
What are the most important factors in the establishment and continued existence of a civilization?
geography
climate
On their northern and western frontiers, the Chinese people were isolated from people in other parts of Asia by
mountains and deserts
The basic economic and social unit in ancient China was the
family
Roads, canals, and bridges is referred to as a countryās ___.
infrastructure
Another name for the ārubber peopleā who grew rubber trees along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico south of Veracruz was the
Olmec
Teotihuacan was a busy trade center known for objects made of
obsidian
In what ways was the Olmec civilization similar to the ancient Egyptians?
The Olmec civilization was similar to the ancient Egyptians because they were both river valley civilizations, built pyramids, and worshipped gods.
Why are artifacts particularly important in learning about Teotihuacan?
Artifacts are important because they didnāt have a written language.
True or False. In establishing his empire, Sargon executed the ruler of every Sumerian city-state he conquered.
false
True or False. Hammurabi established his imperial capital in Babylon.
true
The term for a large political unit or state, usually under a single leader, controlling many peoples or territories is
an empire
True or False. Sargon set up the first empire in world history.
true
dynasty
a succession of people from the same family who play a prominent role in business and politics
monarchy
a system of government ruled by a king/queen
civilization
an advanced state of human society with shared common elements
What term refers to the exchange of ideas and technologies between two separate cultures?
cultural diffusion
The king of the Chaldeans who rebuilt Babylon was
Nebuchadnezzar
The prophet Zoroaster taught that
humans had free choice
Cyrus was called āthe Greatā because he
showed wisdom and compassion
What words might describe the rule of Assyrian leaders?
terrifying
Infrastructure refers to an empireās
roads, bridges, and canals
The poet who wrote the Iliad was named
Homer
The ancient Greeks strove for a kind of ___ that they called arete.
excellence
The Iliad and the Odyssey are examples of
epic poems
During the eighth century B.C., the Greeks adopted a new system of writing based on the
Phoenician alphabet
About 80 percent of the geography of Greece is
mountains
Greek history was influenced by Greeceās
mountains and seacoast
The teachings of Homer promoted
the values of courage, honor, and excellence
movement
During the Dark Ages, many Greeks left the mainland and sailed across the Aegean Sea to various islands.
region
About 80 percent of Greece is mountainous.
place
The term Mycenaean comes from Mycenae, a fortified site on the Greek mainland.
human/environment interaction
There was some revival of agriculture during the Dark Ages.
absolute location
35 degrees N latitude, 25 degrees E longitude
polis
another word for city-state
acropolis
a fortified area on a hill in the center of most city-states
oligarchy
a government by a few
democracy
a government by many
heplite
heavily armed foot soldiers
ephor
elected members of Spartan oligarchy
True or False. The independence of Greek city-states worked against them because it led to rivalries, conflicts, or even war.
true
Order the events leading to Athens having the foundation of a democracy.
unified polis on the peninsula of Attica
control of aristocrats āoligarchyā
Cleisthenes reforms
Athens becomes a democracy
The tyrants of ancient Greece were
rulers who seized power by force
What were the results of Greek colonization?
Greek ideas and culture spread throughout the Mediterranean, trade and industry grew, and a new group of wealthy citizens was created
The reforms of Cleisthenes
laid the foundation of democracy
In Athens, during the Age of Pericles, every male citizen
was eligible to vote on major issues
Age of Pericles
period between 461 B.C. and 429 B.C.
direct democracy
people participate directly in government
ostracism
practice to protect against ambitious politicians
Classical Greece
period of Greek history from around 500 B.C. to 338 B.C.
What was the key feature of the Greek landscape?
mountains
Why was trade important to the Athenian population?
Trade allowed the Athenians to get crops and resources they couldnāt grow because of their mountainous landscape.
The major gods and goddesses of the Greeks were believed to live on
Olympus
Socratesā most famous student was names
Plato
The most famous building on the Acropolis in Athens is the
Parthenon
One of the subjects that Aristotle wrote about was ___, or the study of moral principles.
ethics
The god associated with the most famous oracle in ancient Greece was
Apollo
The ancient Greeks considered religion
necessary to the well-being of the state
Which Greek playwright wrote Oedipus Rex?
Sophocles
According to Plato, a good life can only be achieved if a person
lives in a just and rational state
True or False. Religion affected every aspect of Greek life.
true
What are the universal themes of Greek culture?
the nature of good and evil
the rights of the individual
the nature of divine forces
the nature of human beings
Socrates
improve the individual
Note 
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