Ch. 9 Quiz

Political Parties

organizations that try to directly influence public policy through its members who seek to win and hold public office

What do political parties do?

Guide proposed laws through congress and inform party members how they should vote on important issues

2 organization whom address social problems politically in the U.S

Interest groups and political parties

Interest groups

Opinions about what should be done and a desire to influence policy; working indirectly to influence our leaders

Population method of interest groups and political parties

Taking opinions from citizens and producing solutions to real problems

What do political parties part take in?

Gain control over the government by winning elections. Guide members of Congress in drafting legislation. Nominate candidates to run for state government, congress, and the presidency. Coordinate political campaigns and mobilize voters

Party Platform

Aligns and identify’s a party's principles, goals, and positions on domestic and foreign affairs in this document in hopes to gain support during elections

Narrow Position

Focuses on a small set of skills, leading to expertise in a specific area

Broad Position

Covers a wider range of tasks, offering creativity in job duties

Orgins of National Political Parties

Did not really exist in the U.S early years of the republic, local in nature, based on elite politics, limited suffrage (or the ability to vote in elections), and property ownership.

What were the first 2 recognized political parties?

Federalist and Anti-federalist

Federalist

favored the idea of a stronger, more centralized republic that had greater control over regulating the economy

Anti-federalist

a more confederate system built on state equality and autonomy ( Power remains at states )

When were the first 2 recognized political parties formed?

Following the revolutionary war where rift began to emerge between two groups that had very different views about the future direction of U.S. politics

Led the Federalist faction

Alexander Hamilton

Included in the federalist and gave a warning when left politics

George Washington

Alexander Hamilton

largely dominated the government in the years immediately after the Constitution was ratified

George Washington

Initially against the existence of parties in the U.S, however decided to exist politics and warned potential negative effects of parties in his farewell address to the nation

Stated from Washington, what were the negative effects of Parties?

Potentially divisive nature and the fact that they might not always focus on the common good but rather on partisan ends.

12th amendment

limited the House of Representatives choice to the three candidates with the greatest number of electoral votes

Why did the Federalist Party collapse

tensions eroded questioning ability to coordinate elites

Democratic and Republicans

eventually divided over whether national resources should be focused on
economic and mercantile development

Democratic Party

Party of Jackson; continued to advocate for the common people by championing westward expansion and opposing a national bank

Political Machines

Organizations that secured votes for the party’s candidates or supported the party in other ways

Personal Politics

Emphasized by the democrats - focused on building direct relationships with voters rather than on promoting specific issues

Andrew Jackson

First candidate for the democrats that was a large influence that dominated national parties from his presidential victory in 1828

Led to rise of the Republican Party

growing power of industrialists, who preferred greater national authority, combined with increasing tensions between the northern and southern states over slavery

Leader of the Republican Party

Abraham Lincoln - elections of 1860

What made the republicans play a dominant player in national politics for next several decades?

opposition to the expansion of slavery, and their role in helping to stabilize the Union during Reconstruction

Third Parties

Political parties that are formed as alternatives to the republican and democratic parties

Who was the former republican who attempted to form a third party

Theodore Roosevelt

Theodore Roosevelt Third Party

Progressive Party

Progressive Party

Sought to make government more responsive to the will of the people and end political corruption in gov; ex. Women’s Suffrage, an 8 hour workday, and workers compensation

What third party was formed by Henry A. Wallace

Party favored racial desegregation and believed that the U.S should have closer ties to the Soviet Union

Why did Wallace Party fail?

Most people believed his politics, including national healthcare, were too much like those of communism, and thus was vanished

Other third party formed that was known as the Dixiecrats

States’ Rights Democrats

States’ Rights Democrats ( Dixiecrats )

White, southern democrats who split from the Democratic Party when Harry Truman, who favored civil rights for African Americans, became the party’s nominee for president

Purpose of the States’ Rights Democrats ( Dixiecrats )

Opposed all attempts by the federal government to end segregation, extend voting rights, prohibit discrimination in employment, or otherwise promote social equality among races