history notes (9/8/25)

mode of production is environmentally determined

native americans

3 sisters of agriculture

corn, squash, beans

native american culture

• animalistic religions

  • sun, rain, etc = gods

• land was territorial instead of private

• collective emphasis rather than individual

• liberty

  • being able to move freely

africa

• period of transition

• most came from west coast

• heavily involved in trade w/ mid east, europe, asia

• salt - used to preserve goods

• slaves

practiced a mixture of religions or islam

→ 5 pillars of Faith

African culture

more african culture

• agriculture & pastoralists

• languages, ethnic groups

• Griots (oral history)

european societies

• economics - agriculture & pastoralism

  • slow rise in merchant activity

• population growth

  • age of plagues was over = increase in growth

• culture → christianity, reformation, patriarchy

• politics → slow rise of Nation states & Kinds

The Spanish 1500s

• major economic & military power

• silver making them wealthy

• king philip II