General Classic Traits of Most Permanent Incisors

From the facial view, what is the general crown shape of incisors?

Rectangular, longer incisogingivally than mesiodistally

From facial view, how do incisor crowns taper?

From contact areas to cervical line

On most incisors, which outline is more convex?

Distal

Which incisor is an exception to the rule that distal outlines are more convex than mesial outlines?

Mandibular central

Mesioincisal angles are usually more square/acute than distoincisal angles, except in which tooth?

Mandibular central

Where are mesial contact areas located on incisors?

Incisal third

Where are distal contact areas typically located compared to mesial contacts?

More cervical

Which incisor has mesial and distal contacts at the same level?

Mandibular central

How do incisor roots generally taper?

From cervical line to apex

In cross section, incisor roots are generally wider in which dimension?

Faciolingually

Which incisor has roots that are almost equal faciolingually and mesiodistally?

Maxillary central

When roots bend in the apical third, which direction do they most often bend?

Distal

Relative to the crown, how long are incisor roots?

Slightly to considerably longer

From incisal view, how do crowns taper?

From proximal contact areas toward lingual

From lingual/incisal views, mesial and distal marginal ridges converge toward what structure?

Cingulum

From facial and lingual views, cervical lines curve in which direction?

Toward apex

From proximal view, what shape do crowns resemble?

Wedge/triangle

Where are the facial and lingual crests of curvature located?

Cervical third

On proximal surfaces, how do cervical lines curve?

Convex toward incisal, more on mesial

From proximal view, how is the lingual outline described?

S-shaped

What features form the lingual outline of incisors?

Concave lingual fossa, marginal ridges, convex cingulum

From incisal view, where do incisal edges terminate?

Mesially and distally at widest portion of crown

Which outline is more broadly rounded: facial or lingual (from incisal view)?

Facial

How do incisal edges typically slope?

Shorter toward distal

Which incisor is an exception to the slope rule (incisal edges shorter toward distal)?

Mandibular central

Where is the lingual fossa located?

Between marginal ridges, incisal to cingulum

On which incisors is the lingual fossa more evident?

Maxillary incisors