NPTE Practice w/o Explanations Pt. 1

Oct 24, 2019

A physical therapist instructs a patient to change his wound dressing daily between weekly visits to the wound center. At the next visit, the patient reports that he instead changed the dressing only when it was soaked through in an effort to conserve supplies. As a result, the surrounding skin would most likely be described as:

1) Infected

2) Gangrenous

3) Macerated

4) Indurated

Macerated

Oct 25, 2019

A physical therapist uses functional electrical stimulation as part of a treatment regimen designed to improve quadriceps strength. Which on:off time ratio would result in the most rapid onset of muscle fatigue?

1) 3:1

2) 1:4

3) 5:1

4) 1:6

3) 5:1

Oct 26, 2019

A physical therapist performs goniometric measurements for elbow with a patient in supine. In order to isolate elbow flexion the therapist should stabilize the:

1) distal end of the humerus

2) proximal end of the humerus

3) distal end of the ulna

4) proximal end of the ulna

1) distal end of the humerus

OCt 27, 2019

A physical therapist examines a patient diagnosed with post-polio syndrome. Which of the following areas is the least likely to be affected based on the patient's diagnosis?

1) strength

2) sensation

3) endurance

4) functional activity

2) sensation

Oct 28, 2019

A physical therapist listens to the lung sounds of a 56-year-old male with chronic bronchitis. The patient was admitted to the hospital two days ago after complaining of shortness of breath and difficulty breathing. While performing auscultation, the therapist identifies distinct lung sounds with a high constant pitch during exhalation. This type of sound is most consistent with:

1) crackles

2) rales

3) rhonchi

4) wheezes

4) wheezes

Oct 29, 2019

A physical therapist is reviewing the medical record of a patient with metabolic syndrome. Which risk factor is most prevalent with this diagnosis?

1) genetic origin

2) obesity/sedentary lifestyle

3) decreased thyroid hormone secretion

4) decreased fasting blood glucose level

2) obesity/sedentary lifestyle

Oct 30, 2019

A physical therapist measures elbow flexion while a patient grasps the handgrip of a walker in standing. The therapist records elbow flexion as 35 degrees. Which statement best describes the height of the walker?

1) the walker height is too low for the patient

2) the walker height is too high for the patient

3) the walker height is appropriate for the patient

4) not enough information is given to assess walker height

2) the walker height is too high for the patient

Oct 31, 2019

A physical therapist reviews clinical features and diagnostic criteria associated with various types of osteogenesis imperfecta. Which of the following is included in the criteria used to delineate specific types of this condition?

1) fracture frequency

2) genetic inheritance

3) age of diagnosis

4) anticipated life expectancy

2) genetic inheritance

Nov 1, 2019

A physical therapist treats a patient with right homonymous hemianopsia. The patient is positioned in sitting in the middle of a small table. When reaching for objects placed at different locations around the table, the patient would have the most difficulty retrieving objects:

1) placed at the top center of the table

2) placed to the left side of the table

3) placed to the right side of the table

4) placed at the bottom center of the table

3) placed to the right side of the table

Nov 2, 2019

A patient diagnosed with patellofemoral syndrome reports significant pain in the involved knee when descending stairs. Which scenario is most likely responsible for the patients subjective report of knee pain?

1) concentric activity of the quadriceps

2) eccentric activity of the quadriceps

3) concentric activity of the hamstrings

4) eccentric activity of the hamstrings

2) eccentric activity of the quadriceps

Nov 3, 2019

A physical therapist treats a patient with a medical history that includes Klinefelter syndrome. What is the exact etiology of this genetic condition?

1) Autosomal dominant disorder

2) Autosomal trisomy disorder

3) Partial deletion disorder

4) Sex chromosome aneuploidy disorder

4) Sex chromosome aneuploidy disorder

Nov 4, 2019

A physical therapist assesses a patient's present pain level and concludes that the current patient-controlled analgesia protocol is not adequate. The most appropriate action is too:

1) modify the allowable medication dosage

2) eliminate the lockout interval

3) contact the patient's nurse

4) page the patient's referring physician

3) contact the patient's nurse

Nov 5, 2019

A patient rehabilitating form a lower extremity injury is instructed to perform the wall sits. This exercise would most likely be prescribed to:

1) address balance impairments

2) address postural deviation

3) address muscular endurance impairments

4) address range of motion impairments

3) address muscular endurance impairments

Nov 6, 2019

A physical therapist reviews the role of the abdominal muscles during respiration. Which statement best describes the primary function of the internal oblique muscles during the process?

1) decrease the volume of the chest cavity during exhalation

2) decrease the volume of the chest cavity during inhalation

3) increase the volume of the chest cavity during exhalation

4) increase the volume of the chest cavity during inhalation

1) decrease the volume of the chest cavity during exhalation

Nov 7, 2019

A physical therapist treats a patient rehabilitating from a stroke involving the right hemisphere secondary to an anteriovenous malformation. Based on the presented image (therapist helping patient pick up ball and move it laterally). What is the therapist working on with this patient?

1) mobility

2) stability

3) controlled mobility

4) skill

3) controlled mobility

Nov 8, 2019

A patient has been taking prednisone for nine months due to a chronic pulmonary disease. Which of the following conditions should the physical therapist be most concerned about as a potential risk factor for this patient?

1) osteoporosis

2) osteogenesis imperfecta

3) Type 1 diabetes

4) hyperthyroidism

1) osteoporosis

Nov 9, 2019

A physical therapist observes a patient completing a standing squat shown in the image. During the squat the therapist notes that the patient is unable to maintain their heels in contact with the ground. This finding is most likely due to shortness of the:

1) gastrocnemius

2) popliteus

3) soleus

4) tibalis anterior

3) soleus

Nov 10, 2019

A physical therapist applies a hot pack to a patient's hamstring region prior to performing soft tissue mobilization and stretching. Assuming the goal was to heat the tissue prior to the interventions, which of the following medications would most likely limit this desired effect?

1) Amlodipine (Norvasc)

2) Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)

3) Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)

4) Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat)

3) Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)

Nov 11, 2019

A physical therapist works with a patient with hemiparesis. The patient is stabilizing the upper trunk and shifts weight onto the right ischium through:

1) left-sided lower body initiated lateral weight shift

2) right-sided lower body initiated lateral weight shift

3) lower body initiated anterior weight shift

4) lower body initiated posterior weight shift

1) left-sided lower body initiated lateral weight shift

Nov 12, 2019

A patient is referred to physical therapy following a Bankart repair. Which of the following interventions should the physical therapist most anticipate needing to incorporate into the patient's plan of care based on this diagnosis?

1) range of motion exercises emphasizing shoulder lateral rotation

2) scapular and glenohumeral dynamic stabilization exercises

3) chest press and latissimus pull-down exercises

4) grade IV joint mobilizations emphasizing anterior glides

2) scapular and glenohumeral dynamic stabilization exercises

Nov 13, 2019

A physical therapist treats a patients diagnosed with epilepsy that is taking an anticonvulsant medication. The physician hypothesizes that the medication may be responsible for the patient's recent cardiac arrhythmias. What anticonvulsant would be most likely to produce this type of side effect?

1) Dilantin

2) Tegretol

3) Klonopin

4) Neurontin

2) Tegretol

Nov 14, 2019

A physical therapist instructs a patient to perform SL stance on an airex. The primary purpose of using the airex is to:

1) add resistance to the exercise

2) challenge balance

3) add stability

4) challenge ankle flexibility

2) challenge balance

Nov 15, 2019

A physical therapist treats a patient who has been on bed rest for two weeks and is demonstrating signs of orthostatic hypotension. Which of the following interventions would the therapist be least likely to use?

1) elastic stockings

2) tilt table

3) standing frame

4) abdominal binder

3) standing frame

Nov 16, 2019

A physical therapist administers superficial heat to the low back of a patient using a hydrocollator pack. Assuming the therapist uses 6 towel layers, the most appropriate duration for the intervention is:

1) 10 minutes

2) 20 minutes

3) 30 minutes

4) 40 minutes

2) 20 minutes

Nov 17, 2019

A patient presents with marked weaknesses during resisted testing of right shoulder extension and medial (internal) rotation. Which of the following nerve lesions would most likely produce the described impairments?

1) thoracodorsal nerve

2) suprascapular nerve

3) spinal accessory nerve

4) axillary nerve

1) thoracodorsal nerve

Nov 18, 2019

A physical therapist prepares to quantify the amount of elbow flexion for a patient rehabilitating from a radial head fracture. Which of the following steps would be the last to occur when measuring range of motion with a goniometer?

1) stabilize the proximal joint segment

2) determine end-feel

3) align the goniometer

4) palpate bony landmarks

3) align the goniometer

Nov 19, 2019

A physical therapist assesses a patient with a traumatic brain injury using the Glascow Coma Scale. If the therapist documents the eye opening score as a three (E3), which of the following responses was observed during this portion of the assessment?

1) spontaneous eye opening

2) eyes open in response to speech

3) eyes open in response to pain

4) eyes do not open (nil response)

2) eyes open in response to speech

Nov 20, 2019

An athlete sustains a grade II syndesmotic sprain of the ankle while playing football. Which of the following conditions is most likely to occur if this type of sprain is misdiagnosed or does not receive appropriate treatment?

1) degenerative articular cartilage changes

2) metatarsal stress fracture

3) anterior compartment syndrome

4) myositis ossificans

1) degenerative articular cartilage changes

Nov 21, 2019

If continuation of standing and walking is indicated for an adolescent with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, the physical therapist should consider which of the following equipment options?

1) ankle-foot orthosis and bilateral canes

2) ankle-foot orthoses and bilateral Lofstrand crutches

3) knee-ankle-foot orthoses and bilateral canes

4) knee-ankle-foot orthoses and walker

4) knee-ankle-foot orthoses and walker

Nov 22, 2019

A physical therapist assesses a patient with suspected hip pathology. Which individual would inherently have the greatest hip stability?

1) a child with 20 degrees of femoral anteversion

2) a child with 30 degrees of femoral anteversion

3) an adult with 5 degrees of femoral anteversion

4) an adult with 25 degrees of femoral anteversion

3) an adult with 5 degrees of femoral anteversion

Nov 23, 2019

A patient with Alzheimer's disease residing in an assisted living facility exhibits sundown syndrome. Which of the following actions is the most appropriate to diminish the severity of sundowning symptoms?

1) use of increased lighting in the early morning

2) encourage naps during the day

3) decrease general activity level

4) reduce structure of patient's daily routine

1) use of increased lighting in the early morning

Nov 24, 2019

A physical therapist gathers data to assist in differential diagnoses. The therapist determines that the patient's present pain is located primarily in the right posterior shoulder region with intermittent paresthesias in the right middle finger. This type of clinical presentation is most consistent with which of the following conditions?

1) AC joint arthritis

2) biceps tendinitis

3) cervical radiculopathy

4) rotator cuff tear

3) cervical radiculopathy

Nov 25, 2019

A physical therapist observes a patient utilizing a hip strategy to shift the center of mass during a balance test. Which muscle group would be activated first during forward sway using this postural strategy?

1) abdominals

2) plantar flexors

3) paraspinals

4) dorsiflexors

1) abdominals

Nov 26th, 2019

A physical therapist reviews a chart prior to treating a patient in the hospital coronary care unit. A recent entry indicates that the patient is taking an angiotension-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Which of the following side effects is common the ACE inhibitors and would most impact the therapist performing transfer training with this patient?

1) bradycardia

2) dehydration

3) hypokalemia

4) hypotension

4) hypotension

Nov 27, 2019

A physical therapist places a four-month-old infant onto their stomach to assess developmental milestones. If the tonic labryrinthine reflex is still present, what response would the therapist most expect to observe in the prone position?

1) flexion of the arms and extension of the legs

2) extension of the arms and flexion of the legs

3) flexion of the arms and the legs

4) extension of the arms and the legs

3) flexion of the arms and the legs

Nov 28, 2019

A physical therapist positions a patient in supine and places the head and neck in maximal flexion, and then laterally rotates the head to the right side. While stabilizing the head in this position, the therapist then depresses the right shoulder girdle. Which right-sided muscle would be fully assessed for adequate length using this testing procedure?

1) SCM

2) levator scapulae

3) anterior scalene

4) upper trap

4) upper trap

Nov 29, 2019

A physical therapist treats a patient that presents with a rapid and shallow breathing pattern as well as external dyspnea. Pulmonary function testing reveals decreased vital capacity and total lung capacity, however, residual volume and expiratory flow rates are within normal limits. Which of the following conditions is the most likely extrapulmonary etiology with these clinical findings?

1) scoliosis

2) sarcoidosis

3) tuberculosis

4) chronic bronchitis

1) scoliosis

Nov 30, 2019

A 12-year-old female diagnosed with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis presents with a right thoracic curve of 30 degrees. Which form of medical management would be most likely for this patient?

1) halo vest

2) Boston brace

3) bone growth stimulator

4) spinal fusion

2) Boston brace

Dec 1, 2019

A patient has an echocardiogram following an MI. The echocardiogram shows damage to the posterolateral wall of the left ventricle. Which coronary artery was most likely occluded based on the involved area of the heart?

1) right coronary artery

2) posterior descending artery

3) left anterior descending artery

4) circumflex artery

4) circumflex artery

Dec 2, 2019

A physical therapist evaluating an infant observes the patient manipulating objects. Which of the following manipulation skills demonstrate the most advanced volitional movement?

1) striking two blocks together

2) holding an object in one hand and banging it with the other

3) transferring an object between hands

4) shaking of held object in either hand

1) striking two blocks together

Dec 3, 2019

A physical therapist prepares to perform a joint mobilization on a patient with adhesive capsulitis. When applying the convex-concave rule, which direction should the mobilizing force be applied to address the greatest restriction of range of motion expected based on the presence of a capsular patter at the glenohumeral joint?

1) posterior glide

2) inferior glide

3) anterior glide

4) superior glide

3) anterior glide

Dec 4, 2019

A physical therapist is reviewing a medical record of a patient with pulmonary pathology. The lungs show destruction of the bronchioles in the upper lobes with inflammation and thickened bronchiolar walls. The patient's history includes 30 years of smoking. The clinical presentation is most likely associated with which of the following medical diagnosis?

1) Centrilobular emphysema

2) Paraseptal emphysema

3) Pneumonia

4) Pulmonary fibrosis

1) Centrilobular emphysema

Dec 5, 2019

A physical therapist performs a muscle length assessment on a patient's gastroc and determines that shortening of this muscle only permits five degrees of ankle dorsiflexion. Which of the following gait deviations should the therapist most anticipate based on this finding?

1) Foot slap at heel strike (initial contact)

2) Toe down instead of heel strike

3) Heel lift during stance

4) No toe off during toe off (pre-swing)

3) Heel lift during stance

Dec 6, 2019

A physical therapist consults with a speech-language pathologist regarding a patient who has abulic aphasia. Based on the type of presenting aphasia, which of the following impairments would be most anticipated?

1) Delayed response time to questions

2) Limited speech production with jumbled words

3) Inability to understand questions being asked

4) Inability to produce or comprehend language

1) Delayed response time to questions

Dec 7, 2019

A physical therapist employed in a rehabilitation hospital utilizes a variety of transfer techniques to move patients of various functional abilities. Which type of transfer would not be classified as dependent?

1) sliding transfer

2) hydraulic lift

3) sliding board transfer

4) two-person lift

3) sliding board transfer

Dec 8, 2019

A physical therapist reviews the medical record of a patient diagnosed with Guillain-Barre syndrome. A recent lumbar puncture helped confirm the diagnosis. Which of the following findings would most likely have been present in the cerebrospinal fluid sample to confirm the medical diagnosis?

1) elevated levels of erythrocytes

2) elevated protein levels

3) low levels of gamma globulin

4) low glucose levels

2) elevated protein levels

Dec 9, 2019

A physical therapist measures passive forearm supination and concludes that the results are within normal limits. Which measurement would be classified as within normal limits?

1) 0-60

2) 0-80

3) 0-100

4) 0-120

2) 0-80

Dec 10, 2019

A physical therapist treats a patient diagnosed with neuropraxia of the ulnar nerve. Which of the following results should the therapist most expect from a nerve conduction velocity test on a patient with neuropraxia?

1) decreased nerve conduction velocity along the site of the lesion

2) decreased nerve conduction velocity only at points distal to the lesion

3) complete loss of electrical conduction at all points distal to the lesion

4) decreased nerve conduction velocity only at points proximal to the lesion

1) decreased nerve conduction velocity along the site of the lesion

Dec 11, 2019

A physical therapist preparing a hot pack notices the water in the hot pack unit is cloudy. The most probable explanation is:

1) power failure

2) seepage from a hot pack

3) ineffective heating element

4) thermostat set too low

2) seepage from a hot pack

Dec 12, 2019

A patient has limited finger flexion and difficulty with gripping objects. The therapist notes limitation in the patient's range of motion for DIP joint flexion when the PIP joint is held in extension. However, the patient has normal DIP joint flexion when the PIP joint is partially flexed. What structure is most likely limiting the patient's range of motion?

1) DIP joint capsule

2) retinacular ligaments

3) extensor digitorum muscle

4) FDP muscle

2) retinacular ligaments

Dec 13, 2019

A patient diagnosed with lateral epicondylitis is referred to physical therapy. The therapist elects to use iontophoresis over the lateral epicondyle. Which type of current would the physical therapist use to administer the treatment?

1) direct

2) alternating

3) pulsatile

4) interferential

1) direct

Dec 14, 2019

During an examination of a patient with chronic shoulder pain, a physical therapist attempts to determine the patient's level of kinesiophobia. What objective information would be the most useful for the therapist?

1) reflex activity

2) AROM

3) PROM

4) sensory testing

2) AROM

Dec 15, 2019

A physical therapist reads in the medical record that a patient recently experienced a first-degree atrioventricular heart block. Which of the following findings would the therapist most likely expect to observe when analyzing the patient's electrocardiogram strip?

1) an absent QRS complex

2) an elevated ST segment

3) a wide QRS complex

4) a prolonged PR interval

4) a prolonged PR interval

Dec 17, 2019

A physical therapist works with a patient that required a mechanical ventilator during an acute care hospitalization. If the patient continues to experience dyspnea due to a weakened immune diaphragm post mechanical ventilation, which of the following patient positions is the most desirable to provide relief from the dyspnea?

1) lying supine with the lower extremities elevated

2) trendelenburg positioning in sidelying

3) semi-fowler positioning

4) leaning forward in sitting with upper extremity support

4) leaning forward in sitting with upper extremity support

Dec 18, 2019

A physical therapist assesses a patient with a diabetic foot ulcer. Using the Wagner Ulcer Grade Classification System, the therapist grades the ulcer as a score of 4. What would be the most appropriate intervention for this type of wound?

1) pulsed levage

2) total-contact casting

3) oral antibiotics

4) surgical amputation

4) surgical amputation

Dec 19, 2019

A physical therapist examines the posture of a patient from a lateral view using a plumb line. Which structural condition would be most likely to cause the plumb line to fall further posterior to the hip joint?

1) swayback

2) lordosis

3) scoliosis

4) genu recurvatum

1) swayback

Dec 20, 2019

A patient with complete T6 spinal cord injury works on pursed-lip breathing with a physical therapist. Based on the patient's diagnosis, which muscle(s) would the patient most likely utilize for forced expiration?

1) external intercostals

2) internal intercostals

3) diaphragm

4) quadratus lumborum

2) internal intercostals

Dec 21, 2019

A physical therapist observes that a patient has a limitation in plantar flexion range of motion on the left during ambulation activities. This mobility restriction would be most apparent during which phase of gait?

1) terminal swing

2) loading response

3) initial contact

4) midstance

2) loading response

Dec 22, 2019

An 82-year-old patient reports fatigue when ambulating to and from their home mailbox. Which of the following factors would most likely contribute to the patient's reported difficulty?

1) increased diastolic blood pressure

2) decreased cardiac output

3) decreased cardiac afterload

4) decreased arterial patency

2) decreased cardiac output

Dec 23, 2019

A physical therapist interviews a patient recently involved in a motor vehicle accident, in which the patient sustained multiple lower extremity injuries. During the interview, the patient appears to be very depressed and withdrawn. Which of the following would be least likely to encourage active dialogue by the patient?

1) How does your knee feel today?

2) What are your goals for therapy?

3) Do you have trouble sleeping at night?

4) Tell me about your present condition?

3) Do you have trouble sleeping at night?

A 52-year-old direct access patient is examined in physical therapy. The patient states that over the last three months he has experienced increasing neck stiffness and pain at night. He also communicates that he recently has several episodes of dizziness. The patient has a family history of cancer and has smoked two packs of cigarettes a day for over twenty years. The date of his last medical examination was ten years ago. The physical therapist's most appropriate action is to:

1) treat the patient conservatively and document any changes in the patient's status

2) inform the patient that he is not a candidate for physical therapy

3) refer the patient to an oncologist

4) refer the patient to his PCP

4) refer the patient to his PCP

Dec 25, 2019

While participating in a soccer game, a player complains of gradually increasing shortness of breath and eventually begins to experience wheezing and dyspnea. The player is removed from the game so that they can take medication to control their asthma attack. Which type of medication was most likely administered?

1) mucolytics

2) antihistamines

3) beta-adrenergic agonists

4) antitussives

3) beta-adrenergic agonists

Dec 26, 2019

A physical therapist prescribes a home exercise program for a patient referred to physical therapy after being diagnosed with a disease process. The exercise program emphasizes large amplitude movements. This type of exercise program would be most beneficial for which of the following conditions?

1) Alzheimer's

2) Huntington's

3) ALS

4) Parkinson's

4) Parkinson's

Dec 27, 2019

A note in a patient's medical record indicates that they are taking oral potassium chloride for an acid-base disorder. Which acid-base disorder is most likely based on the prescribed medication?

1) respiratory acidosis

2) respiratory alkalosis

3) metabolic acidosis

4) metabolic alkalosis

4) metabolic alkalosis

Dec 28, 2019

A physical therapist examines the gait of a patient with peripheral neuropathy. The therapist observes that the patient's right foot tends to slap the ground during the loading response. Damage to which of the following nerves would best explain this gait impairment?

1) tibial

2) deep peroneal

3) superficial peroneal

4) femoral

2) deep peroneal

Dec 29, 2019

A physical therapist discusses the importance of a well-balanced diet with a patient diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The most appropriate action to emphasize the importance of diet is:

1) provide a handout from the American Diabetes Association which outlines an appropriate diet

2) ask other patients that have made dietary changes to speak to the patient

3) arrange for a consultation with a dietician

4) provide copies of recent research articles which cite the benefit of a well-balanced diet

3) arrange for a consultation with a dietician

Dec 30, 2019

A physical therapist gathers a variety of equipment prior to administering a series of sensory tests. Which form of sensation would most likely be examined by utilizing a comb?

1) graphesthesia

2) vibration

3) stereognosis

4) barognosis

3) stereognosis

Dec 31, 2019

A physical therapist performs a chart review for a patient admitted to the hospital after sustaining an acute myocardial infarction. A recent note in the medical record indicates that the patient has experienced frequent arrhythmias. An excessive amount of which nutrient would most likely contribute to the arrhythmias.

1) potassium

2) chloride

3) zinc

4) sodium

1) potassium

Jan 1, 2020

A physical therapist treats a patient status post myocardial infarction. The physician prescribes moderate exercise activities no greater than 5 METs. Which of the following descriptions would be most accurate for an activity that requires 5 METs?

1) an increase in systolic blood pressure of 25 mmHG above resting value

2) an increase in heart rate of 50 beats per minute above the resting value

3) an increase in oxygen uptake five times greater than the resting value

4) an increase in pulse pressure of 10 mmHG above the resting value

3) an increase in oxygen uptake five times greater than the resting value

Jan 2, 2020

A physical therapist determines that a patient's abnormal gait pattern is characterized as ataxic. Which of the following best describes this gait pattern?

1) wide base of support with exaggerated movements

2) legs crossing the midline

3) small shuffling steps and festinating

4) high stepping with foot slap

1) wide base of support with exaggerated movements

Jan 3, 2020

A physician shows a physical therapist an x-ray taken on a child that depicts an osteochondroma. Which location would be the most likely for the osteochondroma?

1) Neck of the femur

2) Distal femur

3) Proximal radius

4) Distal humerus

2) Distal femur

Jan 4, 2020

A physical therapist assigns a grade of fair after performing a manual muscle test with a patient in sitting. Which muscle would most likely be associated with the described testing procedure?

1) pec major

2) anterior deltoid

3) latissimus dorsi

4) lower trap

2) anterior deltoid

Jan 5, 2020

A physical therapist employed in an acute hospital attempts to identify the current status of a patient following a TBI. Which objective piece of documentation in the chart would suggest the most severe brain injury?

1) Glascow coma scale: 4

2) Glascow coma scale: 14

3) levels of cognitive functioning scale, level IV

4) levels of cognitive functioning scale, level VIII

1) Glascow coma scale: 4

Jan 6, 2020

A physician informs a patient that recent testing reveals that her breast cancer has spread to tissues adjacent to the primary tumor. The cancer cells have fully infiltrated the lymph nodes in this area, however, have not spread to other areas of the body. This description is most consistent with which stage of cancer?

1) stage I

2) stage II

3) stage III

4) stage IV

3) stage III

Jan 7, 2020

A physical therapist works on transfer training with a patient who is currently taking a calcium channel blocker medication. Which side effect is most likely to occur during the session secondary to the use of this medication?

1) postural hypotension

2) tachycardia

3) sedation

4) cardiac arrythmias

1) postural hypotension

Jan 8, 2020

A physical therapist is treating a five-year-old child with a diagnosis of athetoid cerebral palsy involving all four of their extremities. Which structure was most likely affected with this type of cerebral palsy?

1) motor cortex

2) basal ganglia

3) cerebellum

4) brainstem

2) basal ganglia

Jan 9, 2020

A physical therapist positions a patient in a hooklying position and asks the patient to raise their head from the plinth. This testing procedure would most likely be used to identify which condition?

1) vertebral artery compression

2) diastasis recti

3) thoracic outlet syndrome

4) acromioclavicular arthritis

2) diastasis recti

Jan 10, 2020

A patient with a genetically inherited neuromuscular disorder reports weakness in their hands and feet with normal strength elsewhere. The patient experiences difficulty with grasping objects and demonstrates a steppage gait pattern. This clinical presentation is most consistent with which of the following medical conditions?

1) Guillain-Barre syndrome

2) Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease

3) Post-polio syndrome

4) Huntington's disease

2) Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease

Jan 11, 2020

A physical therapist reads in the medical record that a wound resulting from venous insufficiency was classified as "Black" using the red-yellow-black system. Given the wound's classification, which of the following interventions would be most appropriate?

1) protect the wound with a transparent film dressing

2) using negative pressure wound therapy on the wound

3) debride the wound with forceps

4) avoid intervening until the wound is classified as "yellow"

3) debride the wound with forceps

Jan 12, 2020

A physical therapist makes wheelchair recommendations for a patient with a C4 complete spinal cord injury. Which wheelchair feature would be the most desirable for this patient?

1) removable armrests

2) tilt-in-space frame

3) handrims with rim projections

4) handheld joystick controls

2) tilt-in-space frame

Jan 13, 2020

A physical therapist determines that a patient with a history of recurrent low back pain would benefit from frontal plane stabilization exercises that focus on activation of the quadratus lumborum. Which of the following exercises would best accomplish this objective?

1) balancing a rod on the back while performing an exercise in quadruped

2) single leg slides in supine position while maintaining a neutral spine

3) alternating leg lifts in a prone position while maintaining a neutral spine

4) propping up on the elbow in sidelying while lifting the pelvis off the matt (side plank)

4) propping up on the elbow in sidelying while lifting the pelvis off the matt (side plank)

Jan 14, 2020

A patient three months post myocardial infarction has a follow-up electrocardiogram at his physician's office. The electrocardiogram shows three consecutive premature ventricular contractions with the absence of P waves. This description is most consistent with which of the following dysrhythmias?

1) atrial flutter

2) ventricular asystole

3) ventricular tachycardia

4) third-degree heart block

3) ventricular tachycardia

Jan 15, 2020

A physical therapist completes lower extremity range of motion activities with a patient status post spinal cord injury.While performing PROM, the therapist notices the patient's urine is extremely dark and has a distinctive foul smelling odor. Which of the following is the most appropriate action for the therapist to take?

1) check for other signs of infection

2) report observation to physician

3) report observation to nurse

4) educate the patient on importance on proper hydration

3) report observation to nurse

Jan 16, 2020

A patient with a C4 spinal cord injury in an acute care hospital prepares to transfer from the bed to their wheelchair. The patient's BMI is 38.4. Which of the following transfer techniques would be the most appropriate for this patient?

1) dependent squat pivot transfer

2) sliding board transfer

3) two-person lift

4) hydraulic lift

4) hydraulic lift

Jan 17, 2020

A patient is directed that they are only allowed to be 20% weight bearing following right knee surgery. The patient uses a scale to determine how much weight they are actually putting through the affected leg. Due to significant upper extremity weakness, the patient is only able to achieve 25% weight bearing on the affected extremity. During which phase of gait would the patient most likely be breaking their weight bearing precautions?

1) loading response

2) midstance

3) pre-swing

4) midswing

2) midstance

Jan 18, 2020

A physical therapist works with a nine-year-old child with cystic fibrosis. The age which best approximates the median age of survival for a patient with cystic fibrosis is:

1) 15

2) 25

3) 35

4) 50

3) 35

Jan 19, 2020

A physical therapist is employed in an acute care facility. Which scenario would provide the most appropriate justification for using restraints on a patient?

1) patient is on a medication that causes hallucinations

2) patient is too agitated to allow for the completion of an essential surgery

3) patient is verbally abusive to staff

4) patient is placed on bedrest orders following a major surgery

2) patient is too agitated to allow for the completion of an essential surgery

Jan 20, 2020

A physical therapist examines the posture of a patient with ankylosing spondylitis using a plumb line. From the lateral view, which of the following would be considered an abnormal position for the plumb line give the likely postural deformity associated with this pathology?

1) through the external auditory meatus

2) through the bodies of the thoracic vertebrae

3) slightly posterior to the hip joint

4) slightly anterior to the knee joint

2) through the bodies of the thoracic vertebrae

Jan 21, 2020

A physical therapist works with a patient on the post-partum unit of an acute care hospital. The patient has a pubic symphysis separation. Which of the following interventions would be the most appropriate prior to discharge?

1) gait training with AD

2) abdominal strengthening

3) lumbar stabilization

4) progressive resistive exercises with elastic tubing

1) gait training with AD

Jan 22, 2020

A patient rehabilitating from cardiac surgery receives orders for patient-controlled analgesia. Which of the following medications would most likely be administered with this method?

1) hydromorphone (dilaudid)

2) prednisone (deltasone)

3) digoxin (lanoxin)

4) haloperidol (haldol)

1) hydromorphone (dilaudid)

Jan 23, 2020

A physical therapist examines a patient recently diagnosed with a spinal cord syndrome secondary to a tumor. The patient has slowly developed difficulty with bowel and bladder function, has weakness in the bilateral lower extremities, and presents with a "saddle area" sensory impairment, The most likely diagnosis is:

1) central cord syndrome

2) conus medullaris syndrome

3) anterior spinal artery syndrome

4) cauda equina syndrome

4) cauda equina syndrome

Jan 24, 2020

A physical therapist reads in a patient's medical record that the ankle-brachial index was measured as 0.36. Which scenario is most indicative of the obtained ABI value?

1) paresthesias in the feet and toes

2) weakened calf muscles

3) intermittent claudication during exercise

4) claudication pain at rest

4) claudication pain at rest

Jan 25, 2020

A patient using a patella tendon bearing prosthesis applies a donut-shaped pad to an area of skin breakdown on the residual limb. The area of tissue damage was identified shortly after the patient-initiated prosthetic training. The therapist explains to the patient that the use of the donut-shaped pad should be avoided since it increases the:

1) ply of the prosthetic socks required for ambulation

2) ischemic effect of weight-bearing on the residual limb

3) weight-bearing forces applied to the patella tendon

4) limb volume of the residual limb

2) ischemic effect of weight-bearing on the residual limb

Jan 26, 2020

A patient 72 hours status post stroke is referred to physical therapy. As part of the patient care program, the physical therapist makes positioning recommendations to the nursing staff. How often should turning occur?

1) every 30 minutes

2) every 2 hours

3) every 4 hours

4) every 6 hours

2) every 2 hours

Jan 27, 2020

A physical therapist measures a patient for a straight cane prior to beginning ambulation activities. Which gross measurement method would provide the best estimate of cane length?

1) measuring from the head of the fibula straight to the floor and multiplying by 2

2) measuring from the iliac crest straight to the floor

3) measuring from the greater trochanter straight to the floor

4) dividing the patient's height by 2 and adding 3 inches

3) measuring from the greater trochanter straight to the floor

Jan 28, 2020

A patient diagnosed with T5 paraplegia is discharged from a rehab hospital following 16 weeks of therapy. Assuming a normal recovery, which of the following most accurately describes that status of the patient's bathroom transfers?

1) independent with the presence of an attendant

2) independent with a sliding board

3) independent with bathroom adaptations

4) independent

3) independent with bathroom adaptations

Jan 29, 2020

A patient with cardiac arrhythmias has been prescribed beta-blockers. What is the most effective way to monitor the patient's activity tolerance?

1) rating of perceived exertion

2) visual analog scale

3) palpation of radial heart rate

4) assessment of telemetry strip

1) rating of perceived exertion

Jan 30, 2020

A physical therapist reviews the medical record of a 22-year-old athlete rehabilitating from an ACL reconstruction. Which piece of objective measurement would serve as a barrier to the patient returning to the high-demand of competitive athletics?

1) 0-135 knee ROM

2) hamstrings/quad strength ratio of 50%

3) quad strength 90% of the contralateral limb

4) negative lateral pivot shift

2) hamstrings/quad strength ratio of 50%

Jan 31, 2020

An older adult patient presents with shoulder and neck pain secondary to polymyalgia rheumatica. They express that recently they have been experiencing headaches of increasing intensity along with visual disturbances. What is the most likely reason for this complaint?

1) temporal arteritis

2) migraine

3) cervicogenic headache

4) transient ischemic attack

1) temporal arteritis

Feb 1, 2020

A patient with acute back pain is given a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation unit to use at home. The physical therapist provides detailed instructions on the care and use of the unit. Which of the following activities is not the responsibility of the patient?

1) modulate the current intensity

2) application of new electrodes

3) change the battery

4) alter the pulse rate and width

4) alter the pulse rate and width