chem final review part 1

type of matter has definite properties and definite composition

pure substance

what is the 2 types of pure substances

elements and compounds

is H20 an element or compound

compound

is Iron(Fe) an element or compound

element

list the shape, volume, and energy for solids (in that order)

definite, definite, lowest

list the shape, volume, and energy for liquids (in that order)

indefinite, definite, middle

list the shape, volume, and energy for gas (in that order)

indefinite, indefinite, highest

properties that can be observed without changing the substance

physical property

properties that have to form a new substance to be observed

chemical property

Describe Thomson's cathode ray experiment

The cathode ray attracted to the positive plate

what particle did Thomson discover?

electron

What was the name of Thomson's model of the atom

plum pudding model

Why did the alpha particles in Rutherford's Gold Foil experiment deflect from the gold foil

they encountered a positive area

What did the ratio of alpha particle deflected (1/8000) tell Rutherford about the nucleus of the atom?

it was very small

What subatomic particle must be the same for every atom of a given element

proton

List the charge, mass, and location for a proton

Proton, +1, 1 amu, in the nucleus

List the charge, mass, and location for an electron

Electron, -1, 0 amu, outside the nucleus

List the charge, mass, and location for a neutron

Neutron, No charge, 1 amu, in the nucleus

What 2 particles must be equal in a neutral atom

proton and electron

Given an atom of C-14. Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons

P=6, N=8, E=6

What is the mass number for a sodium atom with 13 neutrons

24 amu

In an atom of Ca-41, how many protons, neutrons, and electrons are there

P=20, N=21, E=20

what are atoms of the same element, with a different mass

isotopes

What is the average of the naturally occurring isotopes of an element

average atomic mass

what is spontaneous breakdown of an unstable nucleus

radioactive decay

what are three types of nuclear radiation

Alpha, Beta, Gamma

The number of wavelengths in a given time for a wave is the

frequency

What did Planck call the specific quantities of energy that can be released from atoms

quanta

According to Einstein, particles of light are called

photons

Who described the electrons can behave as both a particle and wave

DeBroglie

Whose equation is used to determine the likelihood of finding an electron in a given location

Schrodinger

Whose atom described electrons orbiting in specific energy levels

Bohr

What is an area of an atom where a given electron is most likely to be found

orbital

what is the shape of a S orbital

sphere

what is the shape of a p orbital

dumbell