Studied by 2 people
Appearance of domesticated animals
________: provided a reservoir for zoonoses.
Human populations
________ are converging into a single global disease ecology.
Sedentism
________: led to larger groups + more interaction between people.
Inevitability
________ of genetic adaptations of microorganisms to the selective conditions posed by human technology and behaviors.
Extension of life expectancy
________: increased morbidity from chronic diseases.
recent phenomenon
Emerging infections: are not a(n) ________ but have always played a major role throughout human history.
migration
Increasing ________ + trade: transmission of diseases.
Rate of emergence of diseases
________: may have increased as tool use allowed exploitation of novel ecological niches and as migration increased.
Exploration + conquest
________: infections of Native Americans leading to pandemics.
Overuse of antibiotics
________ in industrial animal: causes the rise of multi- drug resistant strains of food- borne pathogens.
Emerging infectious diseases
seen as a big problem currently
Emerging infections
are not a recent phenomenon but have always played a major role throughout human history
Using whole nations as units of analysis
buries the differential experience according to race, gender, and class
Rate of emergence of diseases
may have increased as tool use allowed exploitation of novel ecological niches and as migration increased
Sedentism
led to larger groups + more interaction between people
Appearance of domesticated animals
provided a reservoir for zoonoses
Groups that most suffered
women, children, lower classes
Increasing migration + trade
transmission of diseases
Exploration + conquest
infections of Native Americans leading to pandemics
Extension of life expectancy
increased morbidity from chronic diseases
New diseases
contribute to adult mortality
Examples
HIV, Ebola, Marburg, Lyme disease, dengue fever, malaria, tuberculosis
Earlier transmission of HIV to urban Haiti
by more affluent Westerns engaging in sex tourism
Re-emerging infections causes
warmer climates, climatic fluctuations, poorly developed urban environments, increase in mosquito populations, decreases public health expenditures, poverty,
Overuse of antibiotics in industrial animal
causes the rise of multi-drug resistant strains of food-borne pathogens
Note 
Flashcard (33)