Studied by 4 people
Which factor has the smallest effect on the rate of erosion?
daily hours of sunlight
Landforms created by deposition ________ than those created by erosion
Are flatter and lower
When the Sun’s energy reaches Earth
about half of it is absorbed by Earth’s surface
Why doesn’t Earth become hotter with time as the Sun shines on it?
Earth sends back into space the same amount of energy it receives
Which gases are most responsible for the warming that occurs with the greenhouse effect?
carbon dioxide and water vapor
What is the cause of wind?
Unequal heating of Earth
Sea breezes form during the day when
The land heats faster than the nearby ocean
What does the Corolla effect do to winds in the northern hemisphere?
causes them to turn to the right
Why do land breezes blow from the land to the sea at night?
land cools faster than nearby water
A factory smokestack is a
point source solution of air pollution
Which example is a nonpoint source of air pollution?
a highway that has many cars releasing exhaust
Which example is an effect of acid precipitation?
weathered stone on buildings
Pollution that’s forms when sunlight reacts with chemicals in the air is
Smog
Why have air pollution controls failed to decrease ground-level ozone?
There are more cars on the roads
What are the gases in Earth’s atmosphere in order of most abundant to least?
nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor
How does temperature change in the troposphere?
It decreases with height
What happens to the Sun’s radiation after it reaches Earth?
Earth’s surface absorbs about half of it
Air pressure is greatest in Earth’s
Troposphere
________ makes up about 21% of Earth’s atmosphere
Oxygen
Global an local winds form as air moves from
east to west
Infrared radiation that is directed back toward Earth produces
The greenhouse effect
Prevailing winds in Antarctica are called
polar easterlies
Which statement is true of the solar radiation that reaches Earth?
About 50% of it is absorbed by Earth’s surface
Which statement is true in all layers of Earth’s atmosphere?
Air pressure decreases with an increase in altitude
All inner planets
are rocky and have a solid atmosphere
Because Mercury’s mass is so small, it
Has no atmosphere
Why is Venus the hottest inner planet?
its atmosphere traps a lot of heat energy
Earth is the only planet with a wide variety of life because of its
moderate temperature and liquid water
Why do scientists think that liquid water might have existed on Mars?
Mars’s surface has deep gullies on it
How is Venus unlike other planets
it’s period of rotation is longer than its period of revolution
Which inner planet has the longest period of revolution and why?
Mars, because it is the farthest from the Sun
All the outer planets are made mostly of
gas and liquid around a solid core
Which planet is the solar system’s largest?
Jupiter
The outer planets have atmospheres composed mostly of
hydrogen and helium
Which planet has a moon larger than the planet Mercury?
Saturn
Why can we see the Moon?
it reflects sunlight
What causes the Moon to revolve around Earth
Earth’s gravity
What causes the Moon change phases?
its movement around Earth
The Moon’s phase is waning then it changes from
last quarter to a new moon
Because the Moon’s periods of rotation and revolution are the same, it
keeps the same side always facing Earth
How does Earth move around the Sun
In a nearly circular path
Why does the Earth revolve?
The Sun’s gravity pulls on it
What causes Earth’s seasons to change?
Earth’s tilt on its axis
What causes the phases of the Moon to change?
the Moon’s revolution
What happens during a total lunar eclipse
The moon passes through Earth’s umbra
What causes tides on Earth?
The gravitational pull of only the Sun
What keeps Earth from flying outward into space
The inward gravitational pull of the Sun
Suppose the Earth was tilted much less on its axis. What effect would this have on our planet?
winters would be warmer
The Moon prevents sunlight from reaching parts of the Earth
During a total solar eclipse
Which statement is true of all lunar eclipses?
They can be seen from any point on Earth
The largest number of shells exposed along a beach would be found when
The Moon’s and Sun’s gravitational pulls combine
What do astronomers use to divide the sky into regions?
constellations
Star light provides information about the star’s
Temperature
What would astronomers use to measure the distance between the Sun and the star Proxima Centauri?
light-years
Astronomers measure how far an object is from Earth by using angles created by
Parallax
Stars shine because
Fusion takes place in their cores
Which group represents the interior layers of a star
Core, radiative zone, convection zone
Which features of the Sun change over short periods of time
Sunspots
The Hertzsprung-Russel diagram plots the
Luminosity and temperatures of stars
Which star is the hottest?
a blue main sequence star
Which sequence correctly shows how stars form?
nebula forms - nebula collapses - protostar forms - fusion begins
Which statement is true of stellar evolution?
The most massive stars do not become white dwarfs
How do stars recycle matter
Gravity pulls together gases and matter from old stars to relate new ones
Scientists estimate that more than 90% of the universe in composed of
dark matter
Which type of galaxy has many old, red stars?
elliptical
The universe began from a single point according to the theory
Big Bang
The more red-shifted a galaxy is, the
Faster it moves away from Earth
Note
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