science

circulatory system

also known as the cardiovasculat system. transport oxygen, and needed nutrients to the body cell

red blood cell

function is to deliver blood to the cells/organ. from hemoblogin, bone narrow.

\

white blood cell

function is fighting virus, basterias, and infections that enters our body

platelets

function is to cover the wound and to stop the bleeding

rbc

erythrocytes

wbc

leukocytes

platelets

thrombocytes

plasma

liquid portion of blood, constitues 55% of the blood volume

heart

for pumping blood

4 chambers of heart

left atrium, right atrium, left ventrecles, right ventrecles

blood vessels

are the pathways that enables the blood to travel throughoyt the body

veins

thin wakked blood vessel that deliver deoxygenated blood back to the heart

arteries

thick walled blood vessels that transfort blood away from the heart

capillaries

are very narrow blood vessels though which the diffusion of materials from the blood sorroundings tissues mostly occur

pulmonary circulation

deoxygenated and waste-containing blood from the right ventricle of the heart is carried to thr lungs via pulmonary artery

systemic circulation

oxygenated blood is pumped from the left ventricles into the aorta

respiratory system

main function is to supply blood with oxygen throughout the breathing

trachea

the tube that enters the chest cavity, and from there.

bronchi

splits into smaller tubes called?

alveoli

the bronchial tubes connect to the tiny sacs, air filled sacs, are sorrounded bt capillaries

diaphragm

s sheet of muscles that lies across, pumos the carbon dioxide out of the lungs and then pulls the oxygen gas into the lungs

genes

considered the basic unit of inheritance

medelian gene

is a basic unit of heridity

molecular gene

is a sequence of necleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produced a functional rna

DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid

DNAA

the molecule that carries genetic information for the development and functioning of an organism

RNA

Ribonucleic acid

RNAA

is a molecule that is present in the majority of living organisms and viruses.

chromosome

is a long DNA molecule with part of all the genetic material of an organism to most blank

heridity

also called inheritage or biological inheritance, is the passing out an of traits from parents to their offspring

asexual reproduction

s a mode of reproduction in which a new offspring is produced by a single parent.

sexual reproduction

occurs when the sperm from the male parent fertilizes an egg from the female parent, producing an offspring that is genetically different from both parents

23 chromosomes

how many chromosomes are there in human?

46 chromosomes

total of chromosomes

somatic cells

make up most of the body tissues and organs

karyotype

refers to the complete set of chromosomes in an individual

nucleus

23 pairs of chromosomes are found in the blank of only one eukaryotic cell in our body

sex cell

are hapload cells that are produced by meoisis

meoisis

sex cell are haplod cell that are produced by?

gene

is a specific region of DNA that contaions the code for a particular peice of genetic information of organisms

incomplete dominance

occurs when one allele for a specific trait is not completely dominant over the other allele

codominance

happens when both alelles are equally strong and as an effect both alleles are visible hybrid

multiple alleles

only two alleles that could contribute to any one trait which the plant showed

sex linked traits

characteristics determine by genes located on the sec chromosomes

XX chromosome

chromosome for girls

XY chromosome

chromosome for boys

traits

unique characteristics

x-linked dominant

fragile x syndrome

biodiversity

refers to the existence of many species of plants and animals in a specific environment or habitat

IUCN

international union for the conversion of nature

cornifers

also known as “conferophyta

gymnosperm

comes from the greek word “gymnos” naked and “sperma” seed, here known as “naked seeds”

brittlecone pines

the worlds oldest trees are the 5,000-yearsold

evolution

it is the changes of ones environment’s or sorroundings

NGO

non goverment organization

climate change

many species cannot readily adapt themselves to the obrupt changes in the global blank conditions

overpopulation

the species does not have enough space to live since humanity has taken over the environments

changes in the sea levels or currents

the melting of polars ice & glacier due to global narming can directly add water volume in the melting iceberg can also cayse reciding shortlines as typhoons and storm surges also do

meteors, comets, and asteriods

the impact had caused seismic waves hundred of kilometers across the earth even setting of larger

diseases & epidemics

a research article in the international weekly journal of science 2006 reported that as that the earth warms of science many species are likely to disappear, often because of changes

anthropogenic causes

human activities directly increase the susceptibility and vulnerability of species to extinction, habitat destruction, pollution, overexploitation, and introduction of invasive species are blank

habitat destruction

is the leading cause of modern-day extinction

deforestation

is the human activity that has the greatest negative impact on habitats

use of insecticides

are ideally supposed to kill pests, there are blank which also kill non-target insects, including beneficial insects necessary for pollination

habitat fragmentation

refers to the subdivision of large areas of natural habitat

pollution

air, water, and soil pollution have extremely adverse affects on the populations of species

acid rain

rain that is contaminated by pollutants, particularly nitrogen oxide

introduction of invasive species

man can intentionally or accidentally introduce. compets with the native species for food and other resources and tends sto reproduce quickly