Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Blood

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8 Terms

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Haemoglobin

A protein in red blood cells that binds reversibly with oxygen in the lungs and releases it in tissues for cellular respiration.

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Carbonic anhydrase

An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid, facilitating CO₂ transport in the blood.

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Haemoglobinic acid

A compound formed when haemoglobin binds to hydrogen ions, helping to buffer blood pH.

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Carbaminohaemoglobin

A form of haemoglobin that carries carbon dioxide by binding directly to its amino groups.

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Chloride shift

The process of chloride ions entering red blood cells while bicarbonate ions exit, maintaining electrochemical balance.

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Plasma

The liquid component of blood that transports carbon dioxide, primarily as bicarbonate ions.

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Oxygen dissociation curve

A graph showing the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen and the saturation of haemoglobin with oxygen.

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Bohr shift

The phenomenon where the oxygen dissociation curve shifts right due to increased carbon dioxide, hydrogen ions, and temperature, enhancing oxygen release in tissues.