________ is classified by the speed at which it happens.
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Rainwater
________ falls onto the exposed limestone and passes through vertical joints or cracks in the limestone pavement.
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Carbonation
________ and the physical force of the moving water, called hydraulic action, enlarge the joints and bedding planes.
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Grass
________ and shrubs protect the soil from weathering and erosion.
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erosion
Weathering and ________ produce loose material called regolith.
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Mudflows
________ can also occur in the aftermath of a volcano in snowy regions, a volcanic eruption will cause snow and ice to melt quickly.
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Italian Alps
An avalanche in a ski resort in the ________ killed three skiers in March 2017.
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mountainous areas
Controlled explosions in ________ can be used to trigger small avalanches, making large, life- threatening avalanches less likely.
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atmosphere
The ________ contains a gas called carbon dioxide (CO2)
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avalanche
A(n) ________ is the rapid movement of snow and ice downslope when the weight of the snow is too much for the slope to hold.
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Heavy rain
________ can speed up mass movement.
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Humans
________ can try to control natural disasters caused by mass movement.
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regolith
Water also acts as a lubricant, which makes the movement of the ________ easier.
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river
As a(n) ________ flows over the limestone, the water widens the joints in the rock through carbonation.
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Limestone
________ is a permeable rock.
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landslide
A(n) ________ is the rapid movement of regolith down a steep slope that has become unstable.
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Mechanical weathering
________ breaks up rocks into smaller pieces by putting pressure on the rock.
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heavy rainfall
A landslide caused by ________ in south- west China in June 2017 buried 62 homes and more than a hundred people.
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Karst
________ landscapes: areas where limestone rock is exposed to carbonation.
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Freeze thaw action
________ occurs high up in mountainous areas where there is a lot of precipitation (rain, sleet and snow) and the temperatures regularly rise above and fall below freezing point.
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Soil creep
________ is the movement of soil down a slope under the influence of gravity.
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Chemical weathering
________ is when rocks are dissolved because of a chemical reaction.
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deposits of calcite
The water evaporates and leave ________ on the floor of the caves directly below the stalactites.
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Mass movement
________ is when regolith moves down a slope due to gravity.
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Rainwater
________ (H2O) mixes with the CO2 to form a weak carbonic acid (H2CO3)
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Mudflows
________ occur when soil and regolith become saturated with water after periods of heavy rainfall and move downslope like a river of mud.
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Carbonation
________ makes the joints wider by dissolving the calcium ________ in the limestone until they then look like grooves or gaps in the limestone.
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Erosion
________ is the breaking- down of rocks and soil and transportation of the ________ material.
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mass movement
The roots of the plants bind the soil and keeps it stable to prevent ________.
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Moving water
rivers and seas
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Moving ice
glaciers
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Moving air
wind
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Example of mechanical weathering
Freeze-thaw action
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Temperatures that repeatedly rise and fall
fluctuating temperatures
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Example of chemical weathering
Carbonation
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Permeable rock
rainwater can pass through the rock
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Karst landscapes
areas where limestone rock is exposed to carbonation
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The surface of a karst landscape
limestone pavement
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Joints
long vertical cracks in limestone rock
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Bedding planes
the horizontal paces between the layers or strata in limestone
Studied by 7 people
