Transplantation quiz

What gene determines the ABO system

A glycosylation enzyme that modifies the cell surface antigen

Body produces antibodies against other or similar blood types

other blood types

What antibody is produced against blood groups you lack

IgM (starts compliment)

What blood can A, B, AB, and O accept

• A accepts A and O

• B accepts B and O

• AB accepts all

• O accepts only O

What type of graft is used to move tissue from one site on an indv. to a different site of the same person

Autograft / Autologous or Syngenetic cells

What transplant uses an unrelated indv. tissues on an indv. of the same species

Allograft / Allogenetic cells

What transplant uses tissues from a different species

Xenograft / Xenogenetic

Acute Rejection

Initially sucessful but fail after 10-14 days

What rejection lasts months/ years but degreade over time

Chronic Rejection

What type of rejection rejects within hours

hyperacute rejection

Does the second skin graft reject quicker or slower than the 1st

The skin graft rejects faster alomst cut in half

MHC 1 and MHC 2 produce

CD8 and CD4 respectively

MHC is

polymorphic - presents multiple genes

What is liekly a major source of acute rejection

Direst allorecognition - when antigen presenting cells from donor engage with host T - Cells

Direct Allorecognition

when APC from donor interact with host t-cells

when allogenetic cells are processed by host APC and T-cell activate macrophages on the donor cells. causing tissue damage and inflamm.

Indirect Allorecognition

Tissue damage from CD8

directly attack graft

tissue damage from CD4

activates B-cells to make anti-graft antibodies

Antibodies bound to a graft lead to what

destruction from the host via compliment

What type of treatment is blood transusion

acute treatment

what is needed to make allografts last months/years

immunosuppression

what defines graft compatability

Major Histocompatability complex (MHC) set of genes

alloantigen

antigens that differe between memebrs of the same species

what mediates transplant rejection

T - cells

Greater the MHC mismatch

faster the rejection

Why do t cells react so strongly against allo-mhc

the transplant presents new molecules to the post-thymic educated t-cells

How do you improve transplant outcomes

better mhc matching

MOSTLY immunosuppressive drugs - that block T-cell activation

however, makes the host have increased infection risk