Debates within Society

What is the conflict vs consensus debate?

The question whether society is characterised by social conflict or social consensus

What is the conflict theory?

Argues that society is characterised by social inequality with those in power using position to maintain dominance over others.

What are the 2 most dominant conflict theories in sociology?

Marxism and Feminism.

What is the consensus theory?

Argues that society is characterised by social cohesion and cooperation.

What do conflict theorists emphasise?

Importance of power, inequality, and social change, argue that social structures and institutions serve to reinforce existing power and relationships.

Where has the conflict theory been applied in the UK?

To issues such as class and race inequality. Argued that these are made by dominant societal groups.

What do consensus theorists emphasise?

Importance of shared values and norms and argue that social structures and institutions serve to maintain social order and stability. (we need society structure to keep stable).

Where has the consensus theory been applied in the UK?

Welfare state and role of family (argued that these serve to promote social solidarity).

Name the main consensus theory.

Functionalism

What are the critics of the conflict theory?

Overlooks the ways in which people work together to reach a common goal. (underestimates importance of shared values and norms).

What are the critics of consensus theory?

Fails to account for social conflict and how power can be used to maintain inequality.