UNIT 2 Pt.1: Colonial America

Flashcards covering the British Colonies, focusing on their development based on topography, resources, and climate.

What three types of colonies developed in the British colonial system?

Corporate, Royal, and Proprietary colonies.

What was the first permanent English settlement in North America?

Jamestown, established in Virginia in 1607.

What crop saved Jamestown and made it profitable?

Tobacco, cultivated by John Rolfe.

Which colony was founded by the Pilgrims as Separatists seeking religious freedom?

Plymouth

Who led the Puritans and founded Boston in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

John Winthrop

What was the Great Migration?

The migration of Puritans to Massachusetts Bay.

What was the Halfway Covenant?

Allowed people without religious conversion to participate in church as partial members.

Who was banished from Boston for teaching that individual conscience was beyond the Church's authority, and then founded Providence?

Roger Williams

Who was banished for antinomianism and where did her followers found Portsmouth?

Anne Hutchinson.

Who founded Connecticut and what document was written there and that document significance?

Thomas Hooker. The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut which was the 1st constitution of America

What colony was taken from the Netherlands?

New York

What group sold their interests to a group of Quakers?

New Jersey

Who founded Pennsylvania as a refuge for Quakers and other minority religions?

William Penn

What colony was a safe haven for Catholics?

Maryland

Who was Lord Baltimore?

Cecil Calvert who sought a safe haven for Catholics.

What did the Act of Toleration do?

Granted religious freedom to all Christians in Maryland.

What was the Restoration in reference to the Carolinas?

King Charles II restored the monarchy and granted 8 nobles the Carolinas.

Which of the Carolinas relied on large rice-growing plantations with slave labor?

South Carolina

What were the dual purposes of the colony of Georgia?

It acted as a debtor colony and a buffer to Spanish Florida.

What was the House of Burgesses?

America's first representative assembly, established in 1619 in Virginia.

What did New England colonies feature as a form of self-government?

Town meetings and elections (Mayflower Compact).

What were the Navigation Acts?

A series of laws that established mercantilist policy, dictating that colonies could only trade with Britain and that all colonial imports must pass through Britain.

What was Salutary Neglect?

Lax enforcement of Parliamentary laws in the colonies due to distance, civil war in England, and corrupt agents.

What was the Dominion of New England?

An attempt by the crown to overcome resistance to trade laws by consolidating several New England colonies into a single dominion under royal control.

What event ended the Dominion of New England?

The Glorious Revolution

What were the causes of Bacon's Rebellion?

Grievances over representation, Native policies, and inequality.