Anatomy and Physiology - Unit 3 - Histology Integumentary System

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what are the 3 types of connective tissue?

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1

what are the 3 types of connective tissue?

loose, dense, cartilage

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2

what are the 3 types of epithelial tissue?

simple, stratified, glands

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3

what are the 3 types of muscle tissue?

skeletal, cardiac, smooth

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4

what are the 2 types of nervous tissue?

neurons, neuroglia

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5

what are the 4 types of simple and stratified?

squamous, cuboidal, columnar, psuedo

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6

what are the 2 types of glands?

exorcrine, endocrine

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7

what are the 2 types of loose tissue?

areolar, adipose

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8

what are the 2 types of dense tissue?

irregular, regular

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9

what are the 3 types of cartilage?

hyaline, fibrocartilage, elastic

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10

what is histology?

study of tissues

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11

what are the 4 types of tissue?

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

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12

what is simple epithelium?

single layer of cells

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13

what is stratified epithelium?

more than one layer of cells

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14

what does epithelial form?

forms a protective covering over skin, forms membranes and ducts

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15

where is epithelial tissue?

lines body cavities and hollow organs

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16

what are the layers of epithelial tissue?

simple, stratified, psuedo-stratified

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17

what is squamous tissue?

flat, irregular

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18

what is cuboidal tissue?

square cells

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19

what is columnar tissue?

long narrow cells

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20

what is pseudo-stratified tissue?

columnar cells that appear stratified, but are not

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21

what is transitional tissue?

square cells that flatten as they are stretched and then return to their original shape

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22

where is simple squamous located?

capillary walls, lung aveoli, capsule in kidney

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23

where is simple cuboidal located?

kidney, liver, glands

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24

where is simple columnar located?

lining of the stomach, intestine, oviducts

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25

where is pseudo-stratified located?

lining of respiratory passages

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26

where is stratified squamous located?

outer layer of skin, lining of mouth, throat, anus, vagina

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27

where is stratified cuboidal located?

mammary glands, sweat glands, salivary glands

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28

where is stratified columnar located?

eyelids, larynx, some ducts

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29

where is stratified transitional located?

lining of urinary bladder

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30

what do glands do?

produce substances that are sent out to other parts of the body

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31

what do exocrine glands do?

use ducts to deliver product to other regions

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32

what do endocrine glands do?

use blood vessels to deliver hormones to other regions

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33

where is exocrine glands located?

sweat and salivary glands

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34

where is endocrine glands located?

adrenal glands and pancreas

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35

what is connective tissue?

the supporting fabric of the body. contains large amound of matrix between cells

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36

what does blood do?

circulates through the heart and in blood vessels

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37

what does loose connective tissue do?

provides and protection

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38

what does areolar tissue do?

cells in loose mixture of cells and fibers

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39

what do adipose tissue do?

composed of cells modified to store fat; insulates the body and is stored in tissues as energy supplies

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40

where is areolar tissue located?

around organs and vessels in membrane, under skin

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41

where is adipose located?

padding around organs and joints, under skin

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42

what does dense connective tissue do?

provide protection, support, flexibility, and attachment

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43

what is irregular tissue?

collagen fibers in random arrangement

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44

where is regular tissue located?

collagen fibers in a parallel alignment

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45

where is irregular tissue located?

dermis, capsule of organs

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46

what is hyaline?

a tough and clear cartilage

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47

what is fibrocartilage?

a firm and rigid cartilage

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48

what is elastic?

can stretch and return to original size(cartilage)

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49

where is hyaline located?

covers end of bones, makes up tip of nose, connects ribs and sternum

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50

where is fibrocartilage located?

between vertebre, in anterior pubic joint, knee joint

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51

where is elastic located?

larynx, epiglottis, outer ear

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52

what doesn’t cartilage have?

nerves or blood vessels

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53

is skeletal tissue involuntary or voluntary?

voluntary

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54

is cardiac tissue involuntary or voluntary?

involuntary

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55

what does voluntary mean?

can be controlled by thoughts

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56

what does involuntary mean?

can move with out being controlled by thoughts

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57

is smooth muscle involuntary or voluntary?

involuntary

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58

what are the nervous tissue componets?

brain, nerves, spinal cord

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59

what does neuron do?

transmit nerve impulses. makes up 10%

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60

what does neuroglia do?

support and protect nervous tissue. makes up 90%

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61

what is the top surface of epithelial tissue?

free surface or apical surface

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62

what is the bottom surface of epithelial tissue?

basal surface

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63

what is the membrane under basal surface?

basement membrane

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64

what is avascular?

no blood vessels

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65

what epithelial tissue classified by?

number of layers and shape of cells

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66

what is extracellular matrix?

ground substance, fibers or threads

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67

what do osteoblasts do?

produce ground substances, fibers or threads

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68

what do osteocytes do?

maintain bone matrix

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69

what do fibers in blood do?

platelets during blood clotting

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70

what are platelets?

tiny blood cells that help your body form clots to stop bleeding

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71

what does blood do?

transports respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes, & other substances

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72

what are the 2 types of bloods?

white blood cells and red blood cells

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73

what blood cell helps with immunity?

white blood cells

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74

what is also referred white blood cells?

leukocytes

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75

what are the 3 types of vascular tissue?

mast cells, macrophages, blood cells

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76

what mast cells do?

serve as immune cells. send signals to other tissues

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77

what are the 2 inflammatory chemicals?

heparin, histamine

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78

what does heparin do?

prevents blood clotting

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79

what does histamine do?

promotes reactions to allergies

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80

what does macrophages do?

blob like cells that take over invading substances. Cell eating

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81

what do red blood cells do?

erythrocytes(carry oxygen)

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82

what do white blood cells do?

provide immune response

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83

what are the functions of skin(protection)?

protect from water, air, infection, chemicals, UV radiation

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84

what are the functions of skin(sensations)?

pressure, heat, cold, pain

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85

what are the functions of skin(temperature regulation)?

body can be heated or cooled by sweat and blood flow near surface

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86

what are the 3 layers of skin?

epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

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87

what is stratum corneum?

a layer of 20-30 dead cells. keratinized cells to protect the deeper layers

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88

what is stratum lucidum?

a clear thin layer of cells found in palms and soles of feet

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89

what is stratum granulosum?

cells flatten or disintegrate. get keratin. water proof skin

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90

what is stratum spinosum?

“spiny layer”. several thick cells. contains pre-keratin filaments

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91

what is stratum basale?

constantly dividing and pushing up cells into next layer

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92

what is the epidermis?

most outer layer of skin.dead cells push outwards as new cells form

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93

what is melanin?

a pigment that deeper cells from ultraviolet rays

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94

what do melanocytes produce?

melanin

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95

what is the dermis composed of?

dense irregular connective tissue

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96

what does the dermis contain?

nerves, blood vessels, sweat glands, and hair follicles

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97

what is the boundary between epidermis and dermis called?

dermal papillae

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98

what does dermal papillae produce?

fingerprints(epidermal ridges)

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99

what are fingerprints also called?

epidermal ridges

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100

what do epidermal ridges(fingerprints do)?

increase friction. helps us pick up things more easily

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