Only conditions and diseases FF and scorebuilders

Describe signs and symptoms of L CHF

heart failure that leads to pulmonary edema and dyspnea and cough

Describe signs and symptoms of R CHF

heart failure that leads to general/ edema and JVD

Describe signs and symptoms of Myocardial infarction

heart attack or blood flow is impeded leading to necrosis, chest pain, heart failure, dyspnea, dizziness, 

Describe signs and symptoms of Myocardial ischemia

blood flow is decreased leading to hypoxia leading to chest pain, heart failure, dyspnea, dizziness, responds to nitroglycerin

Describe signs and symptoms of Stroke

blood flow is prevented from coming to the brain, UMN such as spasticity, increased tone

Describe signs and symptoms of TBI

depending on the level of rancho scale, typically has cognition difficulties, dizziness, balance problems, blurred vision, frustration

Describe signs and symptoms of atelectasis

alveolar collapse, coughing, wheezing, difficulty breathing

Describe signs and symptoms of bronchiectasis

mucus build up in lungs leading to bacterial growth, purulent cough, bad smelling mucus, shortness of breath, wheezing and cough up blood/hemoptysis

Describe signs and symptoms of pleural effusion

fluid build up in pleural space of lungs shortness of breath, chest pain, dry cough

Describe signs and symptoms of pneumonia

inflammation of lung alveoli leading to productive cough, chills, dyspnea, stabbing chest pain

Describe signs and symptoms of pneumothorax

collapsed lung, stabbing chest pain, dyspnea, fatigue, dry cough, decreased fremitus

Describe signs and symptoms of 1st degree heart block

long PR interval without any other changes, you can continue exercising

Describe signs and symptoms of 2nd degree heart block Mobitz 1

PR internval progressively gets longer until QRS complex disappears, continue with exercise but lower intensity

Describe signs and symptoms of 2nd degree heart block Mobitz 2

PR interval stays the same but QRS randomly comes in and out, stop exercise and monitor

Describe signs and symptoms of 3rd degree heart block

PR interval and QRS complex have no pattern and this is call PCP

Describe signs and symptoms of Parkinsons disease

motor and nerve

problem with substantia nigra, leading to shuffling gait, festinating gait, difficulty speaking, 4 cardial signs Tremors, Rigidity, Akinesia or Bradykinesia, and Postural instability, nerve problems N/T

Describe signs and symptoms of ALS

motor only

progressive neurodegenerative disease that leads to both UMN and LMN symptoms, has weak extensors

Describe signs and symptoms of MS

motor and sensory

UMN disease in which there are 4 types, body system attacks myelin sheaths,

Describe signs and symptoms of GBS

motor and sensory

LMN, pain and weakness, glove and stocking pattern of N/T

Describe signs and symptoms of Myasthenia gravis

motor only

neuromuscular junction problem, weakness and easily fatigue, eye weakness common first sign,

Describe signs and symptoms of Cushing syndrome

similar to cushing disease except only excessive cortisol is produced instead of ACTH

Describe signs and symptoms of Cushing disease

high amounts of ACTH leading to high amounts of cortisol, moon face and buffalo hump, everything high except pottasium

Describe signs and symptoms of Addison disease

low amounts of ACTH dark pigmentation and everything low except potassium

Describe signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism

vasodilation and everything else is high, low BP, heat intolerance

Describe signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism

vasoconstriction and everything else is low, high bp, cold intolerance

Describe signs and symptoms of hyperparathyroidism

high parathyroid hormone leading to high calcium in the blood and not bones, weak bones, kidney stones, osteoperosis/osteopenia

Describe signs and symptoms of hypoparathyroidism

low parathyroid hormone leading to low calcium in the blood, tetany

Describe signs and symptoms of CRPS

trauma pain that is with or without nerve involvement (I is if there is no nerve while II is if there is a nerve problem), allodynia or pain from non painful stimulus

Describe signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome

6 ps, medical emergency due to substantial pressure increase in an area, pain, pallor (paleness), pulse, parenthesis ad paralysis

Describe signs and symptoms of fibromyalgia

muscle pain in tenderness in distinct ares without muscle tightness

Describe signs and symptoms of HSV 1

vesicular lesion in oral area

Describe signs and symptoms of HSV 2

vesiuclar lesion in waist area

Describe signs and symptoms of HZV

pain and parestheisa in a dermatomal pattern

Describe signs and symptoms of IBS

Describe signs and symptoms of DVT

swelling of leg, pain and tenderness, skin that is warm to the touch

Describe what is lateral epicondylitis

tennis elbow has 3 tests that are positive such as cozen, mill and maudsley, some muscle weakness

Describe what is medial epicondylitis 

Describe what is radial tunnel syndrome

pain near lateral epicondyle that does not have weakness

Describe what is carpal tunnel syndrome

compression of median nerve on carpal tunnel leading to parestheisa and weakness, positive phalen and reverse phalen

Describe what is pronator teres syndrome

compression of median nerve on head pronator teres leading to parestheisa and weakness in FPL and FDP and pronator quadratus

Describe what are signs and symptoms of SLE

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of Achilles Tendon rupture

30-50 year old, positive thompson test, weak PF, inability to stand on toes pain at achilles above insertion on the calcaneus, swelling

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of Adhesive capsulitis

middle age females associated with DM and thyroid problems, presentation depends on stage of frozen shoulder 1, painful at night limited ER, 2 freezing painful at rest and limited all ROM, 3 frozen pain with movement with atrophy, 4 thawing pain with recovery of motion, we expect to see limitations in active and passive ROM of the shoulder, treatment includes corticosteroid shots and joint mobilizations

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of a lateral ankle sprain 

no age but athletes involved in high intensity sports typically ATFL is the broken ligament from excessive inversion, presentation of pain on lateral ankle excacerbated by ankle inversion and plantarflexion, positive talar tilt and anterior drawer ankle are expected, 

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of a ACL sprain Grade III

teen to thirty year old female atheletes > male athletes involving either hyper extension or hyperflexion of knee with occasional meniscus injury, also has association with unhappy triad with ACL, MCL and Medial meniscus injury, presentation include positive lachman and anterior drawer test of knee, edema, limited ROM and difficulty weight bearing on affected extremity.

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of a Bicipital tendinitis

involving repetitive overhead throwing activities such as swimming, baseball and gymnasts or repeated lifting, presentation includes pain on top of shoulder and front of shoulder, painful palpation over anterior shoulder area , positive yergason and speeds test, 

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of a lateral epicondylitis

tennis elbow, inflammation of common extensor tendon on lateral epicondyle likely from repeated overuse, presentation includes difficulty with grabbing objects, positive cozen, maudley, and mill test, painful palpation of common extensor tendon

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of a MCL sprain grade II

joint laxity due to tear of ligament fibers with pain on medial/inside knee from a valgus force and lateral rotation of tibia, presentation include difficulty with knee flexion and extension with slight sweloling around knee, positive valgus stress test.

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of OA?

degenerative process leading to cartilage changes due to age or repetitive stress, older 65 year old women, presentation includes pain in affected areas include hips, knee, spine and hands (note bouchard and heberden nodules), poor ROM , minimize and manage and not stop OA

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of a osteogenesis imperfecta

poor bone growth to mutation of collagen producing gene, type 1 prone to bone fractures type 2 most severe form and likely is fatal to fetal, type 3 most fetal if you survive type 2 , type 4 most likely to be normal, presentation is child who is easily fractured

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of a patellofemoral syndrome

cause damage to patellar cartilage, more likely from female > male, direct association with activity level, presentation includes anterior and gradual knee pain that is either patello femoral compressive forces such as jumping and prolonged static positioning,  positive on clark test or patellar grind test, 

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of a plantar fasciitis?

inflammatory and painful chronic overuse condition that develop due to repetitive stretching of plantar fascia, typically with individuals who have jobs or hobbies that involve constant walking or standing, presentation include severe heel pain in the morning, excessive pronation in gait,

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of a rotator cuff tear?

pain and weakness in shoulder from either chronic (old age) or acute (young individuals) incident, typically affected is supraspinatus, presentation include positive drop arm and empty can test.

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of a rotator cuff tendonitis

pain due to inability of a weak supraspinatus to depress humeral head for overhead activities such as swimming, tennis ,baseball, painting involving 25-40 year old, typically will also have rotator cuff inpingement presentation includes positive painful arc sign, empty can test, neer impingement and hawkins kennedy test,

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of a scoliosis

curvature of the spine typically idiopathic, patient presentation will either be a left or right thoracic curve

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of a spondylolisthesis

50 year old with weak joints that leads to slippage of the vertebrae, most likely affected is L4-L5 with L4 nerve being affected, patient presentation is low back pain, affecting ability to DF, 

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of a TMJ

females of 20-40 year old, patient presentation with pain and limited jaw movement,  headaches, often heard clicking or popping on TMJ, 

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of Torticollis

a neck rotation that leads to ipsilateral side bend and contralateral rotation from a tight SCM usually found with plagiocephaly, patient presentation includes neck pain, rotation to only one side, pain on stretching, 

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of total hip arthroplasty

hip replacement from OA or RA , 55 year old +, patient presentation is hip pain, decreased ROM, depending on approach certain motions are contraindicated such as no hip flexion for posterior approach, no hip extension for anterior approach, 

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of total knee arthroplasty

knee replacement from OA or RA, patient presentation is knee pain from weight bearing and motion, poor ROM, avoid quick impact running or sports

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of total shoulder arthroplasy

shoulder replacement from either irreparable damage to humeral head or RTC presence of OA/RA, patient presentation is shoulder pain and inability to perform ADLs, no IR/ER of 35 deg or more for first two weeks, avoids extreme shoulder ROM such as chopping wood or overhead sports

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of transermoal amputation due to osteosarcoma

malignant cancer that begins in the medullary cavity of a bone, patient presentation includes fatigue, phantom pain, loss of balance, pain and swelling of knee

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of transtibial amputation due to arteriosclerosis obliterans?

peripheral artery disease that leads to ischemia, 45 year old that smokes, patient presentation includes intermittent claudication in calves

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of disk herniation

slipped disk that occurs from twisting or bending leading to potential nerve compression, patient presentation low back pain that also has LE weakness and numbness and tingling that increases in lumbar flexion positions such as sitting, 

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of glenohumeral dislocation anterior

anterior dislocation of shoulder joint usually from a forceful external blow or loading, patient presentation includes shoulder pain that has limited ROM, may have positive apprehension and relocation sign

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of medial epicondylitis

inflammation of medial epicondyle of elbow/ golfer’s elbow, seen with throwing or repetitive wrist and elbow motion, muscles involves are the pronators, wrist and finger flexors, patient presentation is pain on medial elbow with resisted wrist flexion, pronation and gripping,

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of meniscal tear

meniscal knee pain in a semi knee flexion position, typically seen with athletes, patient presentations is with locking and catching, positive mcmurray, apley and thessaly test, tear on outer or lateral 1/3 of either meniscus has better healing due to presence of vascularization compared to inner 2/3 which may require surgery

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of osgood schaltter

apophysitis at tibial tuberosity exacerbated by running, typically in teenage athletes, pain at tibial tuberosity and with resisted knee extension, typically with quadriceps tightness and weakness

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of piriformis syndrome

compression of sciatic nerve by piriformis muscle, patient presentation include n/t of nerve distribution of sciatic nerve, pain in hip IR and adduction, pain in hip or groin region

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of posterior cruciate ligament sprain

occurs from posterior directed force on tibia such as trauma or high intensity sports, pain on squatting or descending stairs, positive for posterior sag sign, 

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of spinal stenosis lumbar

occurs from narrowing of intervertebral foramina leading to nerve compression , patient presentation includes chornic pain, n/t and weakness in nerve roots that are affected,  pain is typically relieved with flexion and worsened with extension unlike other conditions, 

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of trochanteric bursitis

inflammation of bursae on femur, typically involves women, patient presentation with lateral hip pain, that radiates to lateral thigh, pain at hip ER and abduction, 

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of anterior compartment syndrome

6 ps (pulseness, palor/paleness, pain, paresthesia, paralysis, poikilothermia), considered medical emergency call 911

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of colles fracture?

fracture where dorsal displacement of wrist occurs due to a FOOSH, patient will present with wrist pain and history of FOOSH

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of de quiervain tenosynovitis

inflammation of APL and EPB leading to radial wrist pain, patient will have a positive finkle stein test,

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of myositis ossificans

bone growth instead of muscle growth, patient will present with pain and stiffness and limited ROM

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of osteochonrdritis dissecans

weakness in subchondral bone leading to easier crack, not the same as osteogenesis imperfecta, patient will produce with pain with functional activities.

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of osteomyleitis

infection of bone from Staph Aureus usually presents with fever and chills,

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of tarsal tunnel syndrome

compression of tibial nerve at medial malleoulus of ankle leading to weakness and parasthesia of the muscles involved.

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of ulnar collateral ligament sprain

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of Alzheimer disease

progressive neurological disroder that leads to irreversible damage to the brain (amyloid plaques) such as changes in memory, difficulty in concentration and difficulty with new learning, aphasia and apraxia,

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of ALS

motor only condition that affects 40-70 year old females in which there is rapid demyelination of pyramid cells (motor) leading to both UMN and LMN signs and symptoms, patient presentation involves a distal to proximal approach there is general weakness of all muscles such as motor, swallow and speech , respiratory problems, no sensory problems are expected here,

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome

muscle atrophy of APB and thenar muscle due to compression of median nerve in carpal tunnel, involving females more than males from 35-55, patient presentation is wrist/hand pain from repetetive motion, along with median nerve parasthesia in sensory distribution,  would see positive phalen, reverse phalen and tinel sign. 

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of central cord syndrome?

incomplete spinal cord lesion that affects UE strength more than LE strength, patient presentation weakness in BIL UE more than LE that occurs due to cervical hyperextension, considered not the worst spinal cord problem which is ACS

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of Cerebral palsy

motor problem that affects UMN while also damaging basal ganglia similar to huntington, patient presentation involves UMN involvement as well potential seizures, and learning disability, 

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of CVA

when there is blood that is stopped from going to the brain, patient presentation depends on the location of the stroke, a left CVA presents with right hemiparesis, wernicke or broca’s aphasia, a right CVA presents with left hemiparesis, impulsive behavior and left unilateral neglect, common cause is hypertension

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of Down syndrome

trisomy 21 due to error in cell division, that leads to hypotonia and ligamentous laxity, intellectual disability, 

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of duchenne muscular dystrophy?

x linked recessive that affects more male than female that is due to changes in dystrophin levels, patient presentation includes proximal muscle weakness, toe walking and psuedohypertrophy of the calf, child will stand up via Gower sign, 

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of erb palsy?

compression of C5-C6 upper trank which affects radial nerve involving children who have compression of brachial plexus,  patient presentation with waiter’s tip in shoulder IR, forearm pronation and elbow extension( loss of biceps brachii, deltoid and supinator strength)

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of GBS

lower motor neuron that affects white males than other demographics, patient will present with demyelenation of peripheral nerves leading to weakness and hypotonia, weakness is in distal more than peripheral muscles which is opposite of duchenne, and slight parastheisa and N/T. recovery takes between 3 month to 1 year

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of huntingons disease

huntington chorea neurological disorder that is due to problem of basal ganglia similar to CP found in patients between 30 to 50, patient presentation include speech problems, ataxic gait, choreic gait (unpredictable non repetitive movement), dementia and depression may occur.

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of multiple sclerosis

a progressive degenerative motor and sensory problem that is demyelination of myelin sheath of brain and spinal cord affecting sensation and motor, visual problems , paresthesia, weakness, ataxia, balance problem, 4 kinds of MS,

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of parkinsons disease

degenerative disease that affects substantia nigra, patient presentation includes TRAP (tremors, Rigidity, Akineisa/Bradykinesia, Postural instability),

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of sciaticia

compression of sciatic nerve L4-S3 via disk herniation involved with older individuals due to natural reduction in composition of annulus firborsus and nucleus pulposus, patient presentation will include with sensitivity to spinal flexion and reduce in pain via spinal extension, radiating pain from low back to LE, nerve pain and muscle weakness are expected due to poor innervation,

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of spina bifida

sac or cyst on low back where 3 kinds oculta( no tissue protruding), meningocdele ( neutral protruding of only meninges), myelomenigocele ( meninge and spinal cord protruding), typically seen in infants, patient will presents with motor and sensory loss below the spinal cord that is affected, may have hydrocephalus which will be treated with a shunt, 

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of SCI C7 complete tetraplegia

injury that affects motor and sensation below C7, last muscles to have innervation are C7 muscles such as triceps, patient  presentation include spinal shock which is a general depression of nervous system with flaccidity, loss of reflexes and weakness in muscles below level of injury, difficulty with clear secretions and poor endurance, spasticity and contracture will likely be produced, due to spinal shock there is potential of either orthostatic hypotension (more than 20 SBP decrease or 10 DBP decrease after supine to sitting/standing position,  or autonomic dysreflexia which is an cinrease in BP after noxious stimuli)

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of sci L3

injury that affects below L3, patient presentation include spinal shock and eventual increase in muscle tone and spasticity, there is also good innervation of the UEs and some innervation of hip flexors and quads, there is also sexual dysfunction and bladder and bowel problems.

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of TOS

compression of brachial plexus and typically a diagnosis of exclusion, patient presentation includes pain and N/T on the shoulder down the arm, weakness and atrophy in UE, poor posture, there are different kinds vascular and neurogenic, will have positive Wright, adson, allen and roos test,

What are key considerations/presentation including signs and symptoms of TBI

open head injury from trauma, either young males or older male, patient will present with altered consciousness, motor impairments, speech and tone and swallowing issues, can either use Glasgow scale or ranchos los amigos cognitive functioning to classify severity of TBI,