APUSH Unit 1 Vocab

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Important vocab from Unit 1 (chapters 1 & 2) of AP United States History!

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21 Terms

1
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The Columbian Exchange

The trade of disease, food, and animals between the Old and New Worlds.

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Encomienda System

The social hierarchy of the Spanish colonies:

spain-born spainards

new-world born spainards

spanish/native (mestizo)

native

slave

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Jamestown

A Virginia Company owned settlement, used for tobacco farming and settled by young, single men.

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New England

A northern colony settled by full family units of puritans. They came for religious freedom.

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House of Burgesses

An early form of democracy created by the Virginia Company that allowed some settlers (elite landowners only) to levy taxes & make laws.

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Conquistadors

Spanish soldiers who explored & conquered the New World whilst converting Natives to Christianity.

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Fur Trappers

People involved in the flourishing North American fur trade of beaver, mink, and otter. Many French were involved (peacefully).

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Indentured Servants

Men and women who signed 4-5 year work contracts for merchants in hopes of earning enough to buy their own land. They were often exploited or died from new diseases.

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Christian Conversion

Spain: using violence to force Natives into Christianity

France: sharing the gospel with the Natives and giving them the opportunity to convert

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Bacon’s Rebellion

A revolt in Virginia against the elites by the ex-indentured servants and/or low class. Led by a wealthy man named Nathaniel Bacon. Caused by the poor’s desire to move West for land & fear of the natives there, leading to a want for police and a refusal to provide them.

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Bacon’s Rebellion (End)

Bacon died of dysentery & the people lose the rebellion- but not before they burn down Jamestown!

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Massachusetts Bay Colony

In the Boston & surrounding area, a large Puritan colony governed by John Winthrop.

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Pequots

A tribe allied with the Dutch that resulted in a brutal war with the Enlglish, killing most & scattering the rest of the Pequots.

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Iriquois

A native group that traded for guns and led multiple wars against the colonists, located in central NY.

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Anne Hutchingson

A puritan woman who was excommunicated for privately teaching other women theology & criticizing the clergymen.

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Roger Williams & Rhode Island

Originally the pastor of Salem, he spoke out against the Puritans lack of religious tolerance and was exiled. He made a new colony with tolerant religious policies.

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Puritan Town Meeting

An early form of democracy found in Puritan settlements. Mostly wealthy, landowning men were involved in these meetings.

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Carribean Sugar Island

Cash-crop islands where English and other colonists grew and exported massive amounts of sugar.

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Puritans

Protestants who didn’t seperate from the Anglican church but rather sought to “purify” it. They had very strict rules, and early female preachers- although that stopped being allowed.

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Pueblo Revolt

An uprising of many indigenous peoples against the Spanish colonizers, which succeeded in expelling them for about 12 years.

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Mercantilism

Maximizing the exports and minimizing the imports in a country- lots of government involvement.