Psychiatric Nursing Review Flashcards

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts based on the provided lecture notes.

Psychotherapeutic Management

A model of care that clarifies the nature of psychiatric nursing and distinguishes it from other disciplines.

Three Interventions of Psychotherapeutic Management

Therapeutic nurse-patient relationship, psychopharmacology, and milieu management

Key Aspects of a Therapeutic Relationship

Communication, respect, understanding of mental mechanisms, adaptation styles, and coping strategies, and mastering therapeutic intervention skills

Psychopharmacology

Knowledge of psychiatric medications, application of the nursing process, determining when drug-related problems are occurring, providing PRN medications, and providing patient teaching about medications

Therapeutic Milieu Components

Safety, structure, norms, limit setting, balance, and environmental modifications

Components of a Mental Health Assessment

Risk assessment, danger to self or others, gravely disabled, acutely psychotic, suicidal or homicidal

Emphasis of Hospital-Based Care

Crisis intervention and safety

Examples of Long-Term Care Residential Services

Extended-care facilities, nursing homes, group homes, half-way homes, supervised apartment living, foster care, and shelters

Traditional Outpatient Services

Clinic or private practice

Self-Help Groups

Meeting conducted by nonprofessionals, often individuals who have experienced the mental illness

Common Law

Derived from judicial decisions

Statutory Law

Created by federal and state legislatures

Administrative Law

Developed by administrative agencies, such as the state boards of nursing

Tarasoff v. Regents of University of California

Duty to warn of threats of harm to others

Negligence

Failure to do or not do what a reasonable person would do under the circumstances

Malpractice

Professional negligence

Assault

Deliberate threat and the ability to do physical harm to another

Battery

Intentional touching of another person in a socially impermissible manner

False Imprisonment

Unlawful restraint of a person’s personal liberty

Involuntary Patients

Dangerous to self or others

Incapacitated Persons

Gravely disabled, unable to provide food, clothing, and shelter for self, due to mental illness is viewed as incompetent

Culture

Values, beliefs, norms of a person, group, or community to help individuals function in life

Proficiency in Cultural Competence

Awareness, knowledge of cultural impact, skills to promote effective care, and incorporating cultural competence in interactions

Barriers to Culturally Competent Care

Miscommunication, lack of knowledge and sensitivity, patients unaware of the nurse’s cultural perspectives, and failure to assess the patient’s cultural perspective

Cultural Etiology of Illness

Natural causes, unnatural causes, scientific

Primary Worldviews

Analytic, relational, community, ecological

Ethnopharmacology

Pharmacogenetic, pharmacodynamic, and pharmacokinetic influences based on different ethnic, racial, and cultural groups

Aspects of Spirituality

Forgiveness, grief, peace, trust, transcendence

Theistic Spirituality

Connected to a transcendent source (God, a higher power or a universal spirit)

Humanistic Spirituality

Emphasizes the human spirit and relationship to other human spirits not dependent on the notion of a higher power

Recovery Model

Improving the patient’s competencies, not simply alleviating symptoms

Attachment Theory

Humans have a natural tendency to develop intimate emotional bonds throughout life

Psychoanalytic Theory

Emphasized unconscious process of psychodynamic factors for motivation and behavior

Transference

Unconscious distortion in the relationship; a patient displaces distrustful feelings for her father to her male psychiatrist and refuses treatment

Projection

Unconsciously or consciously attributing one’s own repressed thoughts to someone

Denial

Unconscious refusal to admit an unacceptable idea or behavior

Repression

Unconscious and involuntary forgetting of painful ideas, events, and conflicts

Developmental Model

Every person passes through eight interrelated stages over the life cycle

Interpersonal Model

Focus on current interpersonal relationships and experiences

Cognitive-Behavioral Model

Focuses on thinking and behavior rather than on expressing feelings

Nurse-Patient Communication

Two-way process between two or more individuals focused on the patient’s needs and problems

Proxemics

The way people perceive and use environmental, social, and personal space during interactions

Therapeutic Communication

Patient-centered, planned, directed by professional, meets patient’s needs, guides the patient to explore personal issues and painful feelings

Offering Self

Showing interest and concern

Active Listening

Paying close attention to verbal and nonverbal communication, patterns of thinking, feelings, and behavior

Silence

Allowing the patient to think and say more