Galileo is credited with establishing this in what is known as the
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right angle triangle
The component method forces each vector to create a
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UNIFORM MOTION
When an object maintains a constant velocity
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UNIFORM ACCELERATION
When an objects velocity changes at a constant rate
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PROJECTILE MOTION
How objects fly through the air
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CIRCULAR MOTION
When an object turns, but maintains a constant radius/speed around a circle
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HARMONIC MOTION
A form of periodic (repeating) motion
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Kinematics
how objects move
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Dynamics
why objects move
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Law of Inertia
"An object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will remain in motion, unless an external force acts on it to change its state"
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Law of Acceleration
Force causes CHANGES in motion
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Action & Reaction
Force pairs are equal in magnitude, but act in the opposite direction
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Centripetal force
is a force that acts on an object to keep the path it takes circular
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Field
is any physical quantity which takes on different values at different locations(which may vary over time)
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GAUSS FLUX THEOREM
a charged particle will create an electric field
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FARADAYS LAW
if you change a magnetic field, you create an electric field
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GAUSS LAW OF MAGNETISM
magnetic fields form closed loops(no origin)
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AMPERES LAW
if you have a current in a wire, it creates a magnetic field
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Work
the amount of energy required to move an object a certain displacement parallel to the net force causing that movement
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SHM
an object goes through when its acceleration is proportional to its displacement from an equilibrium position
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Momentum
quantity of motion
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Impulse
change in momentum, relevant to mass and velocity
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Electromagnetism
Maxwell combined the topics of electricity, magnetism and optics (light) into this single field of study
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interferometer
Morley & Michelson were using an
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radius of an electron around a proton
Bohr developed _____ using circular motion, the electrical force (and the mass/charge of an electron) and the De Broglie hypothesis
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What is the different between grade 11 & 12 dynamic
components & directions
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Maximum
tension in a vertical circle at the bottom
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Minimum
tension in a vertical circle at the top
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Coulombs Law
the force of attraction or repulsion acting along a straight line between two electric charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely to the square of the distance between them
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Charge of an electron
1.6 x 10-19
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condition of diffraction
the width of the obstacle must be less than or comparable with the wavelength of the wave
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Light
initially a particle, then a wave, and finally both
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Transverse electromagnetic wave
light is a
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Longitudinal mechanical wave
sound is a
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Red
Longest wavelength diffract the most, which colour diffracts the most
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Rectilinear propagation
ability of light to move in a straight line
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Reflection
rays bouncing off of shiny objects
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Refraction
rays changing direction when entering a new medium
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Dispersion
rays of light breaking apart
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Diffraction
rays of light bending around corners
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Photoelectric effect
electrons bounce off of metal when they absorbs electromagnetic radiation
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Compton effect
out comes an increased electromagnetic wavelength after hitting an electron
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De Broglie Wave
the matter wave holding wave-particle duality
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Heisenberg uncertainty principle
It is impossible to specify simultaneously the exact position and momentum of a quantum object
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Electromagnetism
the physical interaction among electric charges, magnetic moments, and the electromagnetic field
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Gravity
a fundamental interaction which causes mutual attraction between all things with mass or energy
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Strong nuclear force
holds together quarks, the fundamental particles that make up the protons and neutrons of the atomic nucleus, and further holds together protons and neutrons to form atomic nuclei
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Weak nuclear force
a fundamental force of nature that underlies some forms of radioactivity, governs the decay of unstable subatomic particles such as mesons, and initiates the nuclear fusionreaction that fuels the Sun
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Weight
the mass and the gravitational field acting upon it
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Circular motion
the direction of motion is tangential and always changing, but the speed is constant
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Hookes law
the area under a line created by the spring constant on a graph of force and displacement is the energy in the spring at the force & displacement
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directly
The change in motion (acceleration) is ___________ proportional to the force acting on the object:
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inversely
The change in motion (acceleration) is ________ proportional to the mass of the object:
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change
Forces cause _____ in motion.
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uniform circular motion
An object is undergoing _________________ if it follows a circular path and maintains a constant speed.
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dynamics, kinematics
To connect force with speed, you first do a __________ analysis then a ____________ analysis.
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