🧪Science Chapter 2🧪

Force

is a push or a pull

Newton

the strength of a force measured in SI unit.

Net Force

combination of the forces on an object.

Inertia

Resistance to change motion.

Like velocity and acceleration, a force is described by its….

strength and by the direction in which it acts.

A nonzero net force causes a

change in the object’s motion.

Newton’s first law of motion states that an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by a nonzero net force.

An object moving at a constant velocity will continue to move at a constant velocity unless acted upon by a nonzero net force.

Newton’s second law of motion states that

an object’s acceleration depends on its mass and on the net force acting on it.

Newton’s third law of motion states that if one object exerts a force on another object

then the second object exerts a force of equal strength in the opposite direction on the first object.

Friction

 is the force that two surfaces exert on each other when they rub against each other.

Sliding friction

occurs when two solid surfaces slide over each other.

Static friction

acts between two objects that aren’t moving.

Fluid friction

occurs when a solid object moves through a fluid

Rolling friction

is when an object rolls across a surface.

Gravity

 is a force that pulls objects toward each other.

Mass

is a measure of the amount of matter in an object.

Weight

is a measure of the force of gravity on an object.

Two factors that affect the force of friction are

the types of surfaces involved and how hard the surfaces are pushed together.

Two factors affect the gravitational attraction between objects

their masses and distance .

Momentum Equation

Momentum = Mass x Velocity

Momentum Unit

The unit for momentum is kg * m/s (kilograms times meters per second)

Velocity Equation

Velocity = Acceleration x Time

The total momentum of any group of objects remains the same, or is

conserved unless outside forces act on the objects.

Momentum 

is a characteristic of a moving object that is related to the mass and velocity of the object

Law of Conservation of Momentum 

States that, in the absence of outside forces like friction, the total momentum of objects that does not change.

Free Fall

When the only force acting on an object is gravity.

Satellite

Objects that orbit around other objects in space, followed a curved path around earth.

Centripetal Force

A force that causes an object to move in a circular path.

Satellites in orbit around Earth ,but

because Earth is curved they travel around it. 

What is the SI unit used for force?

newton

An object's acceleration depends on its mass and on the net force acting on it is Newton's ....

2nd law

What is the formula for finding Force?

mass x acceleration

When the only force action on an object is gravity, the object is said to be in......

free fall

The ride Gravitron uses what force to keep you to the sides of the ride?

centripetal force

Which one of Newton's Laws is also called the law of inertia?

1st law

Example of Newtons 1st law of motion

A ball rolling down a hill will continue to roll unless friction or another force stops it.

Example of Newtons 2nd law of motion

pushing and empty cart and a full cart.

Example of Newtons 3rd law of motion

when you jump, your legs apply a force to the ground, and the ground applies and equal and opposite reaction force that propels you into the air.