Light and Reflection
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41 Terms
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Regular reflection
reflection of rays on a regular surface
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Diffuse reflection
reflection of rays at many scattered angles, on an irregular surface
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Difference between real imagine and virtual image
real images are formed through the real intersection of lightrays. virtual images are formed through the imaginary intersection of lightrays.
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Concave mirror (focal point)
on the left side
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Convex mirror (focal point)
on the right side
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Convex mirror (image)
upright, reduced, virtual
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Concave mirror (image)
-mostly real, sometimes virtual
-upright
-enlarged
-upright
-enlarged
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white light
normal light, when reflected splits and turns into a rainbow
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opaque material
forms dark shadows
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transparent material
less dark shadow
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Umbra
the darkest part of a shadow
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Penumbra
half shadow region occurs when light source is partly coved by a screen
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incident ray
ray of light that falls on a surface
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reflected ray
light ray that is reflected from a surface
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i
incidence
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r
reflected
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normal ray
the ray that is found in the middle of an incident ray and a reflected ray
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θi
angle of incidence
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θr
angle of reflection
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Laws of reflection
angle of incidence is equal to angle of reflection, the normal, incident and reflected rays must be on the same plane and meet on the same point
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types of mirrors
plane, convex, concave
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plane mirror (image)
virtual, upright, reversed
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plane mirror rule
object distance equals to image distance
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Real image
appears in from of the mirror (can be projected onto a screen)
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Virtual image
appears behind the mirror
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ho
object height
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hi
image height
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do
object distance
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di
image distance
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F
focal point
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2F or C
Center of curvature
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Vertex
point at which mirror and principal axis meet
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Case 1 : do > 2F (type of image formed + object/image distance)
image formed is reduced, real, inverted, di < do
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Case 2: f < do< 2F (type of image formed + object/image distance)
image formed is enlarged, real, inverted, di > do
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Case 3: do = F (type of image formed + object/image distance)
no image formed
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Case 4: do < F (type of image formed + object/image distance)
upright, enlarged, virtual
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magnification formula
hi/ho or -(di/do)
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Applications of plane mirrors
kaleidoscope, periscope
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v
image distance
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u
object distance
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In which scenario do concave mirrors form virtual images
when the object is placed in between the focal point (F) and the mirror
Note 
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