MIS Prelims

data

a number, statement, image, or video that may represent specific data

• business transactions and raw facts

• objective measurements of the characteristics of entities

these are two examples of data

• sale of goods and services

• payment of payables to suppliers

• investment of cash by the owners

• internal and external transactions

these are some examples under business transactions and raw facts

people, places, things, events, etc.

these are some examples of objective measurements of the characteristics of entities

information

a collection of data, such as words, numbers, images, or graphics

information

produced data that contains useful context for some users that may need it

true

(T/F) in an information system, any input and output that may display in the system must be accurate and understandable on every end user

• timeliness

• appropriateness

• accuracy

• conciseness

• understandability

• completeness

these are the 6 characteristics of information to be able to understand what the things are needed for specific end users

timeliness

every information must be up to data based on the requirements — not too early and not too late for the end user

appropriateness

a system must have appropriate and relevant information in every module, relevant to the user using it

accuracy

information must be correct or precise. for example, systems performing calculations must produce the exact values

conciseness

not all information must be displayed in the system. should only contain the minimum detail that is appropriate to the user

understandability

any information should be understandable, format and how information is presented are important.

true

(T/F) under understandability, using colors can enhance the presented information to make it easier for the user to understand

completeness

any information must be complete based on the requirements. if incomplete, it may lead to bad decisions

system

refers to the components that are interrelated, working together with a common goal to accept inputs and outputs

• input

• processing

• output

• feedback

• control

these are the 5 components of a system

input

is the information or data a user adds in the system

processing

is the efficiency of data processing which enables an organization to process millions of data

output

refers to the data or information that has been processed and displayed to the end users

feedback

refers to the comments or suggestions in the system used to improve or make any process more manageable for end users

control

is about managing the operations in every process of the system

system boundaries

is the scope of activities in which it is limited for viewing or accessing any module of a system

yes, for example, the person responsible for inventory can only access the inventory module, while the manager has access to all modules of the system

does every user of the system have specific access on each module?

subsystems

every system consists of ___ that have different objectives and interactions based on the given requirements

true

(T/F) all subsystems uses the given resources to meet the given objective

subsystem interface

refers to the connection of each system or subsystem boundaries and serves as the connection to display the output from 1 system to the input of another system

system environment

this refers to the people, organizations, and other systems that give and receive data from the system

system feedback

• helps system to do its job and to process accurately based on the requirements

• helps the system to continue adjusting its activities to assure that it can achieve its goals

information systems

refers to a set of interrelated components that collect any information or data, process, store, and display the output to support decision-making

true

(T/F) IS in an organization may consist of hardware, software, people, procedures, and telecommunication

• organization’s structure

• business processes

• culture

• environment

• management decisions

these are 5 factors in the interaction of IS and organization

• transaction procession system

• supply chain management system

• customer relationship management system

• business intelligence systems

• decision support system

• expert support system

these are 6 different types of IS which are based on the business needs and management levels of an organization

transaction procession system

the most widely used IS. records data which are collected at the boundaries of organizations, as well as transactions inside the org

supply chain management system

this IS includes marketing, manufacturing and assembly, packing and shipping, and billing and collection

it refers to the sequence of activities

what does supply chain refer to?

customer relationship management system

this IS manages the relationship of the organization to its customer

true

(T/F) service representatives use the customer relationship management system to talk to their customers via phone

business intelligence systems

most of the organizations use this IS to compete better with other organizations, as it accesses massive data, usually larger databases (warehouses)

decision support system

this IS helps to find actions and answers most of the questions llke “what if?”

expert support system

this IS uses AI to be able to preserve the knowledge of an expert and to solve problems