Philosophy of Virtue Ethics

These flashcards cover key concepts and terminology from the lecture on virtue ethics, including definitions and notable philosophers.

Virtue Ethics

A moral theory emphasizing character and virtues in ethical decision-making rather than consequences or rules.

Socrates

A classical Greek philosopher who is often referenced in discussions of virtue and moral questions.

Aristotle

An ancient Greek philosopher who contributed extensively to virtue ethics, describing virtues as dispositions to act appropriately.

Doctrine of the Mean

Aristotle's concept that virtues lie between two extremes of excess and deficiency.

Knowledge

For Plato, virtue consists primarily in knowledge, asserting that being virtuous is fundamentally an intellectual endeavor.

Practical Wisdom

Aristotle's notion that wisdom is necessary to discern the right actions in specific situations.

Reciprocity of the Virtues

The idea that all virtues are interrelated and contribute to a well-rounded character.

Deontology

An ethical theory that emphasizes duties and rules over the consequences of actions.

Utilitarianism

A moral philosophy that judges actions based on their consequences, specifically the maximize happiness or utility.

Moral Relativism

The idea that moral judgments and values are not absolute but are relative to social, cultural, or historical contexts.

Even Temper

An Aristotelian virtue where a person appropriately reacts with the right amount of anger at the right time.

Common Sense Morality

Modern ethical beliefs that rely heavily on societal norms and common understandings of right and wrong.

Ethical Character

The combination of virtues that define an individual's moral behavior and decision-making.

Alastair MacIntyre

A contemporary philosopher known for discussing the role of tradition in virtue ethics.

Natural Goodness

Philippa Foote's concept suggesting that virtues necessary for human flourishing are rooted in biological and communal needs.