GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE - PART 1

Gothic

The term used by Renaissance critics to express their scorn for the lack of conformity with Classical Greek and Roman standards of the art of this period

lack of conformity

The term “Gothic” was used by Renaissance critics to express their scorn for the ________________ with Classical Greek and Roman standards of the art of this period

Ile-de France

SOCIAL CONDITION

Gothic culture originated in________________, the area around Paris at around 1100

ordered feudalism

SOCIAL CONDITION

Gothic society was also feudal (like the Romanesque) but it was comparatively an ____________________.

monasteries and the churches

SOCIAL CONDITION

Romanesque society was a rural society centered on the __________________________

urban cities

SOCIAL CONDITION

Gothic society saw the rise of the ______________, and trade became an active part of society

Craft guilds

SOCIAL CONDITION

_____________ formed to give protection and economic security to artisans with the same specialty

middle class

SOCIAL CONDITION

The _____________________ made of craftsman, doctors, and teachers constituted a new force to balance feudal aristocracy

medieval masons

The _______________ was not a monk but a highly skilled lay craftsman who combined the roles of architect, builder, craftsman, designer and engineer

inch

thumb

hand

hand

span

out-stretched hand

foot

foot

yard

outstretched arm

cubit

elbow to fingertips

1. St. Francis of Assisi

2. St. Dominic

3. St. Thomas Aquinas

4. others

RELIGIOUS CONDITION

Great religious men and saints (4)

St. Francis of Assisi

RELIGIOUS CONDITION

New Thought:

Introduced not the angry and judgmental God but the Loving Savior who walked among men

Loving Savior

RELIGIOUS CONDITION

New Thought:

St. Francis of Assisi Introduced not the angry and judgmental God but the_________ __________ who walked among men

Thomas Aquinas

RELIGIOUS CONDITION

New Thought:

He reasoned, systematic method of argument

1. religion

2. philosophy

3. art

CULTURAL CONDITION

• Successful and inspiring synthesis of 1._______, 2._________ and 3.______

Divine Light of God

CULTURAL CONDITION

“The whole visible world is but a refraction or reflection of the _____________________.”

CATHEDRAL

ARCHITECTURE

Produced one primary building type

1. Carved

2. Moulded

ARCHITECTURE

Gothic architecture is 1. _______ and 2. ____________ architecture

Gothic architecture

ARCHITECTURE

________________________ is Carved and Moulded architecture (Almost all architectural elements are carved and moulded)

1. lighter

2. higher

3. more transcendental

4. freedom

ARCHITECTURE:

• The building aesthetics looked 1.______, 2._______, _____________ than the Romanesque architecture;

• A visual sense of ________

Skin and skeleton

ARCHITECTURE

“______________” architecture

zeitgeist kunstwollen

• Gothic people like things pointy

• Preference for attenuated not articulated forms

dematerialization

a reduction of the amount of materials and energy used in a design solution

windows

Voids between structural elements

Skeletal

Gothic structure is ____________

1. Building of the great cathedrals

2. progressive lighting and heightening of structure

3. use of the pointed arch

4. use of ribbed vaults

5. a system of richly decoration

6. verticality of design

CHARACTERISTICS: (6)

churches

PLANS

oblong bay covered with rib and panel vaulting or with open timber roofs

naves

PLANS

• divided into numerous bays

• Grandeur was produced by the larger number of parts

Gothic Archicture

PLANS

Arranged for convenience rather than for symmetry

tower

• often crowed with spires

• predominant feature

spire

a tall accurate tapering pyramidical structure surmounting a steeple or tower

Steeple

a tall ornamental structure, usually ending in a spire and surmounting the tower of a church or other public building

fleche

a slender spire rising from the ridge of a roof, especially one above the crossing of a gothic church

Flying buttresses

a characteristic feature of gothic construction, in which the lateral thrusts of a roof or vault are taken up by straight bar of masonry, usually sloping, carried on an arch, and a solid pier or buttress pier or buttress sufficient to receive the thrust

Skyline

It is characterized by:
- Rising tower
- intricacy resulting from numerous pinnacles

arcades of pointe arches

it is filled with tracery

Windows

- divided by vertical mullions and horizontal transoms
- in enormous sizes, for the display of painted glass