7th grade review - Science TEKS

Unicellular

organisms that are made up of only one cell

Multicellular

organisms made up of many cells

Homeostasis/Equilibrium

the body's way of adjusting to different conditions and keeping the conditions balanced

Adaptations

genetic traits or behaviors that change to allow organisms to survive in the new environment (different types of beaks)

Extinction

the loss of an entire species

Chromosome

contains information for specific genetic traits

Inherited Trait

a characteristic passed on from a parent to an offspring like eye or fur color

Assexual reproduction

reproduction in which a single parent produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent (bacteria)

Sexual reproduction

2 parents pass genes for traits from the sex cells on to their offspring. Half come from the male and half come from the female

Ecosystem

the living and nonliving parts of an environment

Population

group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area

Habitat

the specific place in which an organism makes its home

Biotic

the living organisms in an ecosystem

Abiotic

nonliving, physical features of the environment, including air, water, sunlight, soil, temperature, and climate

Producers

organisms that make their own food

Primary Consumers

animals that get their energy from eating plants

Secondary Consumers

animals that eat primary consumer animals

Herbivores

animals that eat only plants

Carnivores

animals that eat only other animals

Omnivores

animals that eat both plant and other animals

Decomposers

Organisms that feed on dead plants and animals and release the chemical energy and nutrients in the dead plants and animals back into the environment

Food Chain

shows the flow of energy from one organism to another to yet another

Food Web

A complex system of energy flow through overlapping food chains

Succession

the rebuilding of populations in a community or ecosystem that has been changed due to events in the environment

Primary Succession

succession that occurs on surfaces where no soil exists; lichens grow first on bare rock

Secondary Succession

succession following a disturbance that destroys a community without destroying the soil

tissue

a group of similar cells that work together

Organ

made up of two or more tissues working together

Organ system

a group of organs that working together to perform a specific function

Organism

an individual living thing comprised of mutliple organ systems

Cells

basic unit of life that all organisms are made of

prokaryote

single-cell that does not have a nucleus (bacteria)

eukaryote

complex cell that contains a nucleus and organelles (humans and plants)

organelles

cell parts with a specialized functions

plant cell

contains a cell wall, chloroplast and large vacuole

animal cell

does not have a cell wall or chloroplast but it does have a small vacuole

cytoplasm

jelly-like substance found in cells that the organelles float in

nucleus

organelle know as the control center of the cell; contains DNA

cell membrane

outer boundry of cell; protects and controls what can enter and leave

cell wall

provides support in plant cells

chloroplast

organelle where photosynethsis takes place in plant cells

mitochondria

organelle that produces energy in the cell

vacuole

organelle that stores water, nutrients and waste

circulatory system

transports nutrients, gases and wastes in blood

respiratory system

breathes in oxygen and removes carbon dioxide

digestive system

breaks down food into units that can be absorbed by the body

integumentary system

provides a protective barrier for the body

skeletal system

provides support for the body and protects major organs

muscular system

controls muscles and movements

nervous system

controls body activites with electrical signals

endocrine system

controls body activities with hormones

excretory system

removes waste from the body

Rainforest

a forest region located in the Tropical Zone with a heavy concentration of different species of broadleaf trees competing for sunlight

Marine Biome

covers 70% of earth's surface; largest biome; temperatures vary from region to region; algae and plankton form the base of the food chain

Predator

animal that hunts and eats other animals

Prey

animal hunted or caught for food

Parasite

an organism that lives on or in a host and causes it harm

Runoff

Water that flows across the land and enters rivers and streams. It eventually flows into lakes and the ocean

Artificial Reef

a man-made, underwater structure, typically built for the purpose of promoting marine life in areas of generally featureless bottom.

Overfishing

Removing more fish from the oceans than can be naturally produced

fresh water biome

made up of any of body of water that is made of freshwater such as lakes, ponds, streams, and rivers.

groundwater

water held underground in the soil or in pores and crevices in rock

Protista

unicellular, eukaryotic, moves with flagella and cilia

Archaebacteria

unicellular, prokaryotic, lives in extreme environments

Eubacteria

unicellular, prokaryotic, also known as true bacteria

Animalia

multi cellular, eukaryotic, reproduces mostly sexually, heterotrophic

Plantae

multi cellular, eukaryotic, autotrophic, can reproduce sexually or asexually

Fungi

mostly multi cellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophic