Boone APUSH Test 2

Martin Luther

1517, Wittenberg, Germany, 95 theses by Martin Luther, Against indulgences, Was defrocked,Protestant church began

Elizabeth

Anne Boleyn's daughter, became heir, a great leader but hated Catholics, let Catholics go to mass but only if they went to the Church of England first, built up the British navy

Sir Frances Drake

("Sea Dog") Privateer that sailed for England, searched ships and took resources, sailed on Golden Hind, and put together a joint stock company, whenever gold was sold the shareholders would get a percentage of it

Sir Humphrey Gilbert

got a land patent 200 leagues North and South of Newfoundland, 1583 he went back to England and helped Sir Walter Raleigh start the Roanoke colony

Sir Walter Raleigh

started the Roanoke colony on an island off of North Carolina

John White

leader in Roanoke colony, had granddaughter Virginia Dare, went to get supplies for Roanoke colony but got held back by the Spanish Armada and when he returned the colony was gone

Virginia Dare

first English child born in the New World

Roanoke

colony off NC coast, disappeared, 1st permanent English colony

Croatoan

carved on tree post-disappearance on Roanoke

Tobacco

in demand as a cash crop because John Rolfe made it milder

Sugar

grown in the West Indies, many African slaves were brought over to grow it (slaves outnumbered whites 4/1)

Squanto

AKATesquantum, a friend of pilgrims through the 1st winter, taught them what to eat and to use fish as fertilizer and

John Winthrop

led a group of Puritans to discover the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630.

Anne Hutchinson

started anti-nominalism, mother of 14, started women's Bible study

Roger Williams

est. Providence, RI, started 1st Baptist church in America, it was an extreme separatist who wanted to repay natives for land and gov shouldn't enforce religious law

Rev. Thomas Hooker

founded Hartford colony, which combined with New Haven to become Connecticut, made blue laws, which were religious

King Phillip

aka Metacom, adapted and submitted the Wampanoag tribe to the English, fought back in King Phillip's war when a settler killed a native, pushed colonists back to the coast

Peter Stuyvesant

aka father wooden leg by the Indians, was New Netherland's last Dutch governor before being overthrown by the English and renamed New Amsterdam into New York in 1664.

William Penn

Quaker who founded Pennsylvania as a safe haven for other Quakers in 1681.

Cecilius Calvert

aka Lord Baltimore, Established Maryland as a safe haven for Catholics.

Pilgrim

branched out into Calvinists, congregationalists, and Christians. They all disagreed in which the church was run. They established Plymouth County in 1620.

Puritans

Protestants who wanted to purify the Church of England of catholic Their roots are traced back all the way to Martin Luther when he challenged the Catholic Church.practices and beliefs.

John Smith

about to be executed by Indian Chief Powhatan but saved by Pocahontas; saved Jamestown by forcing people to work or they wouldn't eat in 1608.

Lord De La Warr

governor who took over Jamestown in 1610 and imposed harsh rules. The colony of Delaware was named after him.

John Rolfe

English colonist whose marriage to Pocahontas in 1614 sealed the peace of the First Anglo Powhatan War.

Powhatan

Chief of the Powhatan indians and father of Pocahontas. He staged a mock kidnapping and execution on John Smith. Led the indians in the first anglo-powhatan war and made peace in 1614.

Gen. James Oglethorpe

leading founder of Georgia established as a haven for debtors seeking to avoid imprisonment.

Mayflower Compact

Agreement to form a majoritarian government in Plymouth, signed aboard the Mayflower. Created a foundation for self government in the colony.

Quakers

Society of friends; English dissenters who broke from Church of England, preach a doctrine of pacifism, inner divinity, and social equity, under William Penn they founded Pennsylvania

Pequot

A powerful tribe based in Connecticut River Valley who got into a war with Puritans and Narragansett tribe and got slaughtered.

Massasoit

Wampanoag chieftain who signed a peace treaty with Plymouth Bay settlers in 1621 and helped them celebrate the first Thanksgiving.

Sir Edmund Andros

led the Dominion of New England which was created in 1682 to strengthen the control over New England's new world colonies. he established strict control, doing away with town meetings and popular assemblies and taxing colonists without their consent.

English Plantation

indentured servitude, slavery

Headright System

4 to 7 year contract where people would be indentured servants and then got land and freedom but program disappeared when slaves were shipped over

The Treaty of Hartford

1638, ended Pequot wars, took Pequot land and made the tribe disassemble

New Netherlands

A colony founded by the Dutch in the New World. It became New York.

Swedish Influence

invented the worm fence and lincoln logs which were used to build notch woodlog cabins. These two inventions were used by Americans even though New Sweden had only lasted a couple of years.

Mercantilism

economic theory, export more than you import and keep difference in gold

Virginia Company Charter guarantee

This charter set an important precedent for later colonies by guaranteeing that settlers would have the same rights and liberties as Englishmen in England.

Mason Dixon Line

Boundary that separated Maryland from Pennsylvania

Plantation/southern colonies

Virginia, Maryland, South and North Carolina, Georgia

England colonies

Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire

Middle/bread colonies

New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware.

Jamestown

First permanent English settlement in North America founded by the Virginia Company.

John Calvin

the biggest influence on the protestant church, inspired Puritans