Bio 3

Eukaryote

Eukaryote

Any cell or organism that has a nucleus

Prokaryote

The first living organism on Earth, has DNA, cell membrane, ribosomes, and cytoplasm but has no nucleus

Nucleus

Regulates the transport of materials entering/exiting the cell

Mitochondria

(both plants and animals) uses carbohydrates to make ATP ( cellular energy)

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)

Makes and folds proteins into their correct shape

Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum (SER)

Makes lipids, detoxifies the cell

Cell Membrane

Controls and regulates the activities of the cell

Passive Transport

Substances move with the concentration gradient (high➵low concentration)

Osmosis

Water moves across the cell membrane from high ➵ low concentration until equilibrium is reached

Facilitated Diffusion

Protein channels helps large and/or charged molecules cross the membrane from high ➵ low concentration (does not require energy)

Active Transport

Molecules move from low ➵ high concentration (requires energy)

Endocytosis

When large amounts of water or nutrients are brought into the cell

Exocytosis

When large amounts of materials are released (exit) from the cell

Recognition Protein

Used to identify self from non-self

Transport Protein

Forms channels/pores to move LARGE and/or CHARGED molecules across the membrane

Receptor Protein

Delivers messages to the cell when a molecule binds to the receptor, setting off a chain reaction on the inside of the cell

Golgi Apparatus

Sorts and packages proteins

Lysosome

Low P.H, breaks down macro-molecules

Vessicle

Moves materials in/ out of the cell

Ribosome

Makes proteins

RQ: Whats the difference between Eukaryote and Prokaryote?

Eukaryotes have a nucelus

RQ: What are the 3 types of macromolecules found in the cell membrane?

-LIPIDS

-PROTEINS
-CARBOHYDRATES

RQ: Whats the difference between active and passive transport

Active Transport=Lower→Higher Concentration

Passive Transport=Higher→Lower concentration

RQ: During _______, large amounts of materials are moved into the cell, and during _______, large amounts of materials are moved out of the cell.

Endocytosis; Exocytosis

What organelles do only plant cells have?

Cell Wall , Chlorplasts and the Central Vacuole

What organelles do only animal cells have?

Centrioles and Lysosomes