Immigrants and the Cities Questions:
Because the nativists felt threatened by the immigrants’ different cultural and religious backgrounds and the economic competition they presented. They also feared losing their jobs to them because the immigrants were willing to work for a lower wage.
Positive:
Negative:
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[ ] They tried to convince people that they were harming the country.
[ ] They would say that they were thieves and vagabonds, monopolizing the business which belongs to true-borns.
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Vocab:
Nativists: People who opposed immigrants
Know-Nothing Party: Formed by nativists. When asked questions by outsiders, its members answered, “I know nothing.”
Middle class: A social and economic level between the wealthy and the poor, families of merchants (managers, accountants, attorney)
Tenements: Dirty, overcrowded, and poorly built housing structures, immigrants lived in them
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Reforming Society Questions:
Vocab:
Dorothea Dix: a middle-class reformer who helped change the prison system in the U.S. started state hospitals for the mentally ill
Temperance movement: a movement that encouraged people to use self-discipline to stop drinking hard liquor and to drink beer and wine only in small amounts.
Lyman Beecher: a minister that preached widely about alcohol’s evil effects
Horace Mann: the leading voice for the educational reforms. He was appointed as first secretary of education for Massachusetts in 1837 (known as the father of education), he doubled the school budget. His ideas for education spread throughout Latin America and Europe.
Common-school movement: a movement to improve the education of young Americans
Catharine Beecher: daughter of Lyman Beecher, was one of the most effective women’s educational reformers during the early 1800’s. She based her campaign on the belief that women had a superior ability to teach the moral lessons that made good citizens. She established an all-female academy in Hartford, Connecticut, and wrote several influential essays
Emma Willard: Established the first college level institution in the U.S. for women
Mary Lyon: Founded Mount Holyoke Seminary in Massachusetts in 1837 (womens college)
Samuel Gridley Howe: He significantly improved the education of visually impaired Americans. He did this by opening a school for people with visual impairments called the Perkins Institute.
Thomas Gallaudet: Improved the education and lives of hearing impaired people by going to France for 2 years to study their methods. Then he opened his own school in Hartford, Connecticut.
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Womens Rights Questions:
They organized it becuase while Elizabeth Cady Stanton was on her honeymoon in London, England, she attended the World Anti-Slavery Convention. While there, the women had to be separated from the men with a curtain and were not allowed to participate. Because of the poor treatment that the women received at the convention, Stanton and Lucretia Mott, decided to hold a convention as soon as they returned home, and form a society to advance the rights of women. Eight years later, Stanton and Mott sent out a notice announcing the Seneca Falls Convention, to be held on July 19, 1848, in Seneca Falls, New York. More than 300 people attended the convention. Some of these people included: Frederick Douglass, abolitionist’s, women that worked in nearby factories including Charlotte Woodward.
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Vocab:
Declaration of Sentiments Questions:
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