AICE Marine Chapter 3 Test (1)

Photosynthesis

Which process is used by plants, algae, and certain bacteria to convert light energy into chemical energy stored into food?

Chemosynthesis

During which process does bacteria oxidize hydrogen sulfide glucose and happens at hydrothermal vents?

carbon dioxide + water ------> glucose + oxygen

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

decomposition

The process by which dead organic matter rots and is then broken down into plant nutrients and recycled back into the environment is known as...

bacteria

What are the primary decomposers in all food webs?

The Sun

What is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems?

biomass

Some of the glucose produced by photosynthesis is used to produce ____.

Transfer of energy/biomass

What do the arrows in the food web represent?

Predator

An animal that hunts, catches, kills or eats another animal is known as...

organism that produces own food via photosynthesis

What is a primary producer?

the feeding level of an organism and its position in a food chain/web

What is a trophic level?

glucose, respiration

Some of the _______________ produced by photosynthesis is used in __________ to provide useable energy.

10%

What percentage of energy is passed on through each trophic level?

(Net energy/gross energy) x 100

Which formula is used to calculate the efficiency of energy transfer between trophic levels?

glucose + oxygen -----> carbon dioxide + water

What is the equation for respiration?

Productivity

The rate of biomass produced per unit area/volume per year is referred to as...

Uptake

What process is occurring when an organism absorbs nutrients from the surrounding seawater (or eats another organism and uses those nutrients)?

Upwelling

What process brings nutrients and cold water from the deep ocean to the surface?

Chlorophyll

Which of the following are biological uses of magnesium?

Eutrophication

What word describes a situation in which excess nutrients from fertilizer runoff have caused algae to grow out of control?

Sinking

Which of the following is NOT one of the ways that nutrients enter the surface of the ocean?

Proteins

Which of the following biological molecules include carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur & nitrogen?

nutrient

A substance that is required by an organism for growth, repair, energy or normal metabolism is a (an)

reservoir

Part of the abiotic phase of the nutrient cycle where nutrients can remain for long periods of time

run-off

The flow of water from land caused by precipitation