Behaviour Therapies Flashcards

Flashcards about behavior therapies, covering the three waves, key figures like Skinner and Bandura, techniques such as operant and classical conditioning, and considerations for multicultural application.

Who is associated with Psychoanalytic Therapy?

Sigmund Freud

Who is associated with Cognitive Therapy?

Aaron Beck

Who is associated with REBT (Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy)?

Albert Ellis

Who is associated with Behavior Therapy?

Skinner & Bandura

Who is associated with Gestalt Therapy?

Fritz & Laura Perls

Who is associated with Person-centered Therapy?

Carl Rogers

Who is associated with Existential Therapy?

Frankl, May, Yalom

What does the first wave of behavior therapies focus on instead of introspection?

Observable, testable, predictable events/behaviors

What does the second wave of behavior therapies consider as creating and maintaining distress?

Distorted thinking, beliefs, schemas

What does the third wave of behavior therapies emphasize?

Context and function of psychological phenomena

What is Radical Behaviorism?

Environment dictates behavior.

What are Mechanisms of Agency?

Choice influences motivation & behavior.

What are Perceptions of Efficacy?

Inner cognitive-affective forces drive change.

What are the therapy goals for Behaviour Therapy (BT) according to Corey, 2024?

Increase personal choice and create new conditions for learning

What does a Behaviour Therapy (BT) therapist do during a functional assessment (behavioral analysis)?

Identify antecedent and consequence events.

What are the two types of conditioning?

Classical and Operant

What is operant conditioning?

Reinforcement/punishment → Voluntary behaviour

What is classical conditioning?

Stimuli → Involuntary responses

In Operant Conditioning, give an example of a rat pulling a lever getting food dispensed.?

The client learns that voluntarily pulling the lever gives it a reward

In Classical Conditioning, what happens when 'Pavlov rings bell when feeding → Dogs salivate at bell alone'?

Dogs learned to associate bell with food

What mediating concepts do classical and operant conditioning models typically ignore?

Thinking processes, attitudes, and values

What is Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA)?

A structured, systematic approach to change behaviours, often used to treat autism spectrum disorder, using operant conditioning techniques

What is positive reinforcement in ABA?

Add positive stimulus after desirable behavior; increases desired behavior.

What is negative reinforcement in ABA?

Remove aversive stimulus after desirable behavior.

What is Extinction in ABA?

Withhold reinforcement where this was the case; reduces unwanted behavior

What is Positive punishment in ABA?

Add aversive stimulus after unwanted behaviour; reduce unwanted behaviour

What is Negative punishment in ABA?

Remove reinforcement after unwanted behaviour.

What is the purpose of a reinforcement inventory in Behavior Therapy?

To identify what the client finds reinforcing

What does Progressive Muscle Relaxation consist of?

Alternately contracting and relaxing muscles in a quiet environment with deep breathing

What defines Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)?

Rapid, rhythmic eye movements and other bilateral stimulation to treat clients who have experienced traumatic stress

What Behavioral techniques are used in Social Skills Training?

Psychoeducation, modelling, behaviour rehearsal, and feedback

What are the steps to teach clients in self-management programs?

Select realistic goals, translate goals into target behaviours, create and evaluate an action plan for change, and self-monitor actions

What happens during Systematic Desensitisation?

Clients imagine successively more anxiety-arousing situations while engaging in a behavior that competes with the anxiety.

What does In Vivo Exposure involves?

Exposure to the actual fear stimuli instead of imagining it

What is Flooding?

In vivo or imaginal exposure to anxiety-evoking stimuli for a prolonged period of time until the anxiety decreases on its own

What is Multimodal Therapy?

Comprehensive, systematic, holistic approach to Behaviour Therapy, grounded in social-cognitive learning theory

What does BASIC-ID stand for in Multimodal Therapy?

Behaviour, Affect, Sensation, Imagery, Cognition, Interpersonal Relationships, Drugs/Biological Factors

What are Albert Bandura's four areas of research?

Psychological modelling, mechanisms of human agency (self-directedness), perceptions of efficacy to influence life events, and causes of stress reactions and depression

What is Social Learning Theory?

We learn by watching others’ behaviour and consequences

What defines Social-cognitive Theory?

How we perceive and interpret environmental events/stimuli affect our behaviour

What are the interrelated core themes of third wave behavior therapies?

Expanded view of psychological health and broad view of acceptable outcomes in therapy, acceptance, mindfulness and creating a life worth living

What are the four major approaches of Mindfulness & Acceptance-Based Approaches

Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (MBSR), Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)

What are Dialectics?

Tension/synthesis of opposites; embracing acceptance while seeking change

What does Dialectical Behaviour Therapy teaches?

Mindfulness, distress tolerance, emotional regulation, and interpersonal effectiveness

What are the six core therapeutic processes of Acceptance Commitment Therapy (ACT)?

Contact with present moment, cognitive defusion, acceptance, self-as-context, values, and committed action

What are the strengths of Behaviour Therapies regarding multicultural considerations?

Suits clients uncomfortable with expressing feelings, problem-solving and learning new coping skills, focus on present and environment

What are the limitations of Behaviour Therapies regarding multicultural considerations?

Less responsive to diversity issues with potential narrow focus, may not be comfortable with social injustices, may decide too quickly on goals

What are the contributions of Behaviour Therapies?

Concrete goals, wide variety of techniques, empirical research into outcomes, basis in behavioral principles, clients choose what to change

What are the limitations of Behaviour Therapies?

Change behaviour but not necessarily work through feelings, does not provide insight, treats symptoms rather than causes, history is less important than current environment