M

Nomenclature

  • ==ionic nomenclature==

    • ^^metal^^ (1A, 2A, Al+3, Zn+2, Cd+2, Ag+1) and ^^nonmetal^^
    1. write metal name
    • is it a transition metal? (NO)
    1. write non-metal name
    • ending changes to -ide
      • ^^metal^^ (1A, 2A, Al+3, Zn+2, Cd+2, Ag+1) and ^^polyatomic ion^^
    1. write metal name
    • is it a transition metal? (NO)
    1. write polyatomic ion name
    • DO NOT CHANGE NAME
      • ^^transition metals, Sn, Pb^^ and ^^nonmetal^^
    1. write transition metal name
    2. use roman numeral to indicate charge on transition metal
    • +1 (I)
    • +2 (II)
    • +3 (III)
    • +4 (IV)
    1. write nonmetal name with -ide ending

  • ==covalent nomenclature==

    • ^^two nonmetals^^ together
    1. write first nonmetal name - non change
    2. write second nonmetal name with -ide ending
    3. use prefix to indicate numbers of atoms of each non metal
    • prefixes
    1. mono- *not used for first nonmetal - ex. NO → Nitrogen Monoxide
    2. di-
    3. tri-
    4. tetra-
    5. penta-
    6. hexa-
    7. hepta-
    8. octa-
    9. nona-
      1. deca-
    • “oo” drop first o -- ex. NO → Nitrogen Mon(o)oxide
    • “ao” drop a

  • ==acid nomenclature==

    • chemical formula begins with H+
    • based on anion (second part, H2SO3)
    • ends in -ide → hydro-root name of ion-ic acid
      • ex. HCl → hydrochloric acid
    • ends in -ite → root name of ion-ous acid
      • ex. HClO2 → chlorous acid
    • ends in -ate → root name of ion-ic acid
      • ex. HClO3 → chloric acid

  • questions

    • is there a metal?
    • yes - is it a transition metal
      • no - no parentheses
      • yes - (roman numerals)
    • no - prefix-first, prefix-last-ide
    • does the formula begin with H+?
    • yes - acid, follow through based on anion