Untitled Flashcards Set

Cornea

The transparent front part of the eye that helps focus light.

Rods

Photoreceptor cells in the retina responsible for low-light and peripheral vision.

Cones

Photoreceptor cells in the retina responsible for color vision and detail.

Optic Nerve

The nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain.

Feature Detection

Neurons in the visual cortex that respond specifically to certain visual features like edges and movement.

Gestalt Principles

The methods by which our brains organize visual information into meaningful wholes.

Figure-ground

The ability to distinguish an object (figure) from its background.

Depth Perception

The ability to perceive the world in three dimensions and judge distance.

Binocular Cues

Depth cues that require the use of both eyes, such as retinal disparity.

Place Theory

The theory that different frequencies of sound stimulate different parts of the cochlea.

Frequency Theory

The theory that the rate of nerve impulses matches the frequency of the tone for sound perception.

Gate-Control Theory

A theory that explains how the spinal cord can block pain signals.

Hypnosis

A state of heightened suggestibility that can result from a social interaction.

Memory Consolidation

The process by which short-term memories are transformed into long-lasting memories.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired together.

Operant Conditioning

A method of learning that employs rewards and punishments for behavior.

Observational Learning

Learning by observing the behavior of others.

Retrieval Cues

Stimuli or contexts that aid in retrieving information from memory.

Proactive Interference

When old memories interferes with the retrieval of new information.

Retroactive Interference

When new information interferes with the retrieval of old memories.

Amnesia

A condition characterized by the loss of memories, which can be retrograde or anterograde.