(8) ADDITIVES

Antiglycolytic agent

Antiglycolytic agent

– inhibits the use of glucose by blood cells.

sodium flouride and lithium iodoacetate.

2 examples of antiglycolytic agent

gray top tube

the antiglycolytic agent are place in a color ______top tube?

Additives

- are general term for substances that are present in blood collection tube

Anticoagulant agent

– prevents blood from clotting. The mechanism by which clotting is prevented varies with the anticoagulant.

remove calcium

EDTA, citrate and oxalate ___________ by forming insoluble salts

conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

heparin prevents the __________.

not occur

If calcium is removed or thrombin is not formed, coagulation does _________.

Clot activator

- helps initiate or enhance the clotting mechanism.

glass or silica particles

Clot activators include _____ or _____ that provide increased surface area for platelet activation and clotting factor such as thrombin.

red and yellow top tube

the clot activator are place in a color ______top tube?

Thixotropic Gel Separator

– inert material that undergoes a temporary change in viscosity during the centrifugation process which enables it to serve as a separation barrier between the liquid (serum and plasma) and cells.

• plasma separator

• serum separator

what are the two kinds of gel separator?

Trace element-free tubes

▪ Made of materials that are free of trace element contamination
▪ Have royal-blue stoppers
▪ Used for trace element tests, toxicology studies, and nutrient determination

• Oxalate

• Citrate

• Ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA)

• Fluoride

• Heparin

What are the five types of anticoagulants?

Oxalate

– combines with calcium to form an insoluble salt

Citrate

– combines with calcium in a non-ionized form.

Ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA)

– it combines with calcium in a process called chelation

Fluoride

– forms weakly dissociated calcium components

Heparin

– prevents the formation of fibrin