Vikings

Lands of origin

modern European region of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway

viking society

Jarls, Karls, and Thralls

Was the religion polytheistic or monotheistic

polytheistic. many gods who were warriors. ruled from Asgard

Asgard

where the gods resided.
believed that warriors who died honorably went there after death

Odin

king of gods
god of wisdom, death, poetry, and magic
removed his own eye to drink from the fountain to gain knowledge of the universe

thor

son of odin
god of thunder and storms
known as protector of Asgard

Hiemdallr

no the god of any aspect of life but is a crucial figure
guardian of the bifrost, a rainbow bridge that links the world of the gods to the world of man

loki

god of mischief who often betrays the gods by siding with a race of giants
loki leads an army against the gods in which thor and odin are killed called Ragnorok

sif

goddess of earth and married to thor
also represented fertility, love, and fruitful harvests

njord

god of the sea, sailors, fishermen, and explorers

norseman prayed to njord for successful trips and plentiful fishing

lindisfarne raid

793 CE vikings raided a monetary in northumberland
ransacked the church looking for anything of value and killed many
took some prisoners for slaves
was on of the first recorded viking raids

who was the first person to discover iceland

a viking sailor named Naddodd

when was iceland permanently settled and by who

870 by a Viking chief named Ingolfr Arnarson

who discovered greenland

Eric the Red
he was exiled from Iceland and set out to explore further west

who discovered newfoundland

Leif erikson

where was newfoundland

modern day Canada
made them the first Europeans to set foot in North America

beowulf

a viking warrior who died an honorable death in battle (primary viking theme)
written in Old English

why are there christian themes in beowulf and what are they?

a christian monk wrote it, adding a christian bias to the story
grendle = the son of Kane (AKA Christian’s satan)