Gamete production and fertilisation and hormonal control of reproduction

What is the function of the penis?

Inserts sperm into vagina

What is the function of the urethra?

Releases urine and sperm

What is the function of the scrotum?

Holds the testes

What is the function of the prostate gland?

secretes a fluid that aids in the movement of the sperm

What is the function of the testes?

produce sperm and testosterone

What is produced from her line cells?

Sperm gametes

Where is sperm produced?

seminiferous tubules

What is the collective term for sperm?

Semen

Where is testosterone produced?

interstitial cells

What are hormones?

chemical messengers

What does the hypothalamus do?

Produces a released hormone

What do releaser hormones do?

stimulates the pituitary gland

What does the pituitary gland do?

Produces FSH and ICSH

What does FSH do?

Promotes sperm production in the seminiferous tubules

What does ICSH do?

Promotes testosterone production in the interstitial cells

What is the function of the vagina?

Where sperm is deposited

What is the function of the cervix?

Muscular lining that connects the uterus to the vagina

What is the function of the uterus?

where the fetus develops

What is the function of the endothelium?

Wall of the uterus where the embryo implants

What is the function of the oviduct?

site of fertilization

What is the function of the ovary?

Produces and stores eggs

What do the ovaries contain?

Immature ova in various stages of development

What is each ovum surrounded by?

a follicle that protects the developing ovum and secretes hormones

What do releasers do?

Stimulates the release of FSH and LH

What does FSH do?

Stimulates development of the follicle and production of oestrogen by the follicle in the follicular phase

What does LH do?

Triggers ovulation. When levels drop the corpus luteum degenerates causing progesterone to drop and trigger menstruation

What does oestrogen do?

Stimulates proliferation of the endometrium preparing it for implantation and reduces the viscosity of cervical mucus making it easier to be penetrated by sperm

What does progesterone do?

promotes further development and vascularisation of the endometrium preparing it for implantation if fertilisation occurs

What are the two main stages of menstruation?

Follicular phase and the literal phase

What happens when oestrogen and progesterone are high?

It inhibits the release of FSH and LH

What happens when there is a lack of LH?

Leads to the degeneration of the corpus luteum which results in a drop in progesterone levels which leads to menstruation.

What happens if fertilisation does occur?

The corpus luteum does not degenerate and progesterone levels remain high

What is fertilization?

fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote